Assignment Prompt & Instructions
**files (4)**
– ## APA_7_Professional_Paper_Template_June_20203.docx
– ## Topic_and_Outline_GLP1.docx
– ## APA7professional-annotated-compressed.pdf
– DecisionMakingProcessPaperDue.docx
**## APA_7_Professional_Paper_Template_June_20203.docx**
TITLE OF YOUR PAPER 1
**Title of Your Paper**
Your Name
Gateway Technical College
**Abstract**
The abstract is a brief summary of your paper and generally around 250 words. Consult your course syllabus or your instructor for specific details.
**Title of Your Paper**
The main text of your paper begins here. Consult with your assignment details in regard to section headings and other requirements.
**References**
Enter your reference citations in alphabetical order by author or title. Include hanging indents where the first line is flush to the left margin and the second and additional lines are indented by a half-inch.
**## Topic_and_Outline_GLP1.docx**
5
**Advanced Practice Nursing & Clinical Governance, Topic 1:**
**GLP-1 Medication Prioritization and Scarcity**
Mirlenys Diaz
Florida National University
Decision-Making
Dr. Nora Hernandez-Pupo
September 19, 2026
2
**GLP-1 Medication Prioritization and Scarcity: Topic and Outline**
**I. Introduction**
**_A. Background Information_**
Originally developed for use in type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists are now being used for weight loss and cardiovascular protection. Demand, particularly for off-label weight loss use, has been outstripping supply, creating an ongoing national shortage and requiring a decision as to who will be treated first (Whitley et al., 2023).
**_B. Statement of the Problem_**
In a scarcity scenario, GLP-1 access moves from a strictly clinical to an ethical and organizational decision. When prescriptions can't be filled, bedside nurses handle the distress of patients, while APNs decide who has met prioritization criteria and nurse leaders determine policies that guide this decision. If not structured, allocation may become inconsistent or be based on persistence and not clinical need (Emanuel et al., 2024).
**_C. Thesis Statement_**
Therefore, it is critical that nurses at all levels ( bedside, APN & Leadership) use structured, value-driven decision making frameworks to ensure that GLP-1 therapy is equitably and consistently administered based on the evidence.
**II. Literature Review / Background**
**_A. Overview of Existing Research_**
According to literature, GLP-1 shortages are unlikely to be soon remedied, and have already created access disparities; some clinically indicated patients may not be able to access the medication for off-label use (Whitley et al., 2023). Formal drug allocation frameworks have been suggested, specifically for this class of drugs, on the basis that ad hoc prescribing is an ethically insufficient way of prescribing during prolonged shortages (Emanuel et al., 2024). Literature on nursing confirms that as NPs are becoming more prevalent, they are the ones balancing demand and limiting access because of shortage (Rodriguez et al., 2026).
**_B. Key Theories and Decision-Making Models_**
1. Shared Ethical Framework for Scarce Resource Allocation: five core values (benefit, fairness, equal concern, reciprocity, instrumental value) and transparency and evidence-responsiveness (Emanuel & Persad, 2023).
1. Nursing Shared Governance Model: Shared decision-making power at a practice level shared between bedside nurses, leaders and APNs regarding practice level resource decisions (McKnight & Moore, 2022).
**III. Main Body / Discussion**
**_A. Section One – Topic Analysis and Context_**
1. Why GLP-1 demand has outpaced supply: off-label weight-loss use and expanding approved indications.
1. How the shortage is experienced differently at the bedside, prescribing, and leadership levels.
**_B. Section Two – Comparative Analysis_**
1. Both bedside patient advocacy when prescriptions cannot be filled and APN use of prioritization criteria.
1. Shared Ethical Framework (APN/policy level) vs. Shared Governance (frontline-to-leadership channel).
**_C. Section Three – Application and Implications_**
1. Shared Ethical Framework used for APN ranking of patients by need (Emanuel et al., 2024).
1. Some shared governance in which bedside nurses inform the allocation policy (McKnight & Moore, 2022)
1. Benefits: consistent and defensible decisions. Adverse effects: placed additional administrative burden; criteria may not be up to date with the current shortages.
**IV. Conclusion**
**_A. Summary of Key Points_**
The problem of GLP-1 deficiency is a nursing problem at all practice levels. There are complementary tools for addressing this, such as the Shared Ethical Framework and Nursing Shared Governance Model.
**_B. Implications and Next Steps_**
The final paper will introduce a third model of decision making, include a detailed analysis of all three models at bedside, leadership and APN levels, and a funding source for an evidence-based initiative for equitable access to GLP-1.
**V. Preliminary References**
2
**References**
Emanuel, E. J., Dellgren, J. L., McCoy, M. S., & Persad, G. (2024). Fair allocation of GLP-1 and dual GLP-1–GIP receptor agonists. New England Journal of Medicine, 390(20), 1839–1842. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2400978
Emanuel, E. J., & Persad, G. (2023). The shared ethical framework to allocate scarce medical resources: A lesson from COVID-19. The Lancet, 401(10391), 1892–1902. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00812-7
McKnight, H., & Moore, S. M. (2022). Nursing shared governance. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549862/
Rodriguez, M. E., Lavell, J., & Foreman, R. M. (2026). GLP-1 receptor agonists: The good, the bad, and the ugly—A comprehensive guide for NPs. The Nurse Practitioner, 51(5), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NPR.0000000000000430
Whitley, H. P., Trujillo, J. M., & Neumiller, J. J. (2023). Special report: Potential strategies for addressing GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist shortages. Clinical Diabetes, 41(3), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.2337/cd23-0023
**## APA7professional-annotated-compressed.pdf**
https://apastyle.org
Hi, APA Styler!
Thank you for using the APA Style annotated sample professional
paper for guidance when wri�ng your paper or assignment.
This sample paper PDF contains annota�ons that draw aten�on
to key APA Style content and forma�ng such as the �tle page,
headings, in-text cita�ons, references, and more. Relevant
sec�ons of the seventh edi�on of the Publication Manual are also
provided for your reference.
You can find this sample paper and many other resources in the
seventh edi�ons of the Publication Manual and Concise Guide to
APA Style.
Please use discount code STYLEPAPER15 for 15% off APA Style
print products with free shipping in the United States.
Happy wri�ng!
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 50 8/1/19 7:01 PM
50 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Papers
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Sample Professional Paper
abstract, 2.9;
section labels, 2.28
keywords, 2.10
professional
title page, 2.3
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 51 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 51
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
narrative citation, 8.11;
paraphrasing, 8.23
parenthetical citation
of a work with one
author, 8.17
parenthetical citation
for works with the
same author and
same date, 8.19
parenthetical citation
of multiple works, 8.12
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
title, 2.4, Table 2.1
running head, 2.8
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52 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
parenthetical citation of
multiple works, 8.12
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
narrative citation used
to paraphrase methods
from two studies, 8.23
long paraphrase, 8.24
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 53 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 53
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 1 heading after
the introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
italics used for anchors
of a scale, 6.22
statistics presented
in text, 6.43
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
en dash used in a
numerical range, 6.6
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54 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 1 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
statistics presented in
text, 6.43
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
table called out in
text, 7.5; table
numbers, 7.10
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 55 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 55
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
footnote callout, 2.13
referring to a previous
footnote, 2.13
footnote in page
footer, 2.13
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
figure called out in
text, 7.5; figure
numbers, 7.24
Level 1 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
parenthetical citation
of multiple papers by
the same author, 8.12
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APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 56 8/1/19 7:01 PM
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56 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
percent symbol
repeated in a range,
6.44
parenthetical citation
of multiple works, 8.12
parenthetical citation
of a work with two
authors, 8.17
Level 3 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 57 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 57
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 3 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
parenthetical citation
of two works, 8.12
“see also” citation, 8.12
parenthetical citation
of a work with one
author, 8.17
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
quotation marks used
to indicate an ironic
comment, 6.7
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APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 58 8/1/19 7:01 PM
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58 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
journal article reference
without a DOI, 10.1
journal article reference,
10.1
reference list, 2.12,
Chapter 9; section
labels, 2.28
letters used after the
year for multiple works
with the same author
and year, 9.47
book reference, 10.2
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 59 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 59
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
journal article
reference with missing
issue number, 9.26
title ending with a
question mark, 9.19
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60 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
table number, 7.10
figure number,
7.24
table title, 7.11
figure title, 7.25
table note, 7.14
figure note,
7.28
**DecisionMakingProcessPaperDue.docx**
This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/decisionmakingprocesspaperdue-docx-10611963)
**DecisionMakingProcessPaperDue.docx**
This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/decisionmakingprocesspaperdue-docx-10611963)
**## APA_7_Professional_Paper_Template_June_20203.docx**
TITLE OF YOUR PAPER 1
**Title of Your Paper**
Your Name
Gateway Technical College
**Abstract**
The abstract is a brief summary of your paper and generally around 250 words. Consult your course syllabus or your instructor for specific details.
**Title of Your Paper**
The main text of your paper begins here. Consult with your assignment details in regard to section headings and other requirements.
**References**
Enter your reference citations in alphabetical order by author or title. Include hanging indents where the first line is flush to the left margin and the second and additional lines are indented by a half-inch.
**## Topic_and_Outline_GLP1.docx**
5
**Advanced Practice Nursing & Clinical Governance, Topic 1:**
**GLP-1 Medication Prioritization and Scarcity**
Mirlenys Diaz
Florida National University
Decision-Making
Dr. Nora Hernandez-Pupo
September 19, 2026
2
**GLP-1 Medication Prioritization and Scarcity: Topic and Outline**
**I. Introduction**
**_A. Background Information_**
Originally developed for use in type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists are now being used for weight loss and cardiovascular protection. Demand, particularly for off-label weight loss use, has been outstripping supply, creating an ongoing national shortage and requiring a decision as to who will be treated first (Whitley et al., 2023).
**_B. Statement of the Problem_**
In a scarcity scenario, GLP-1 access moves from a strictly clinical to an ethical and organizational decision. When prescriptions can't be filled, bedside nurses handle the distress of patients, while APNs decide who has met prioritization criteria and nurse leaders determine policies that guide this decision. If not structured, allocation may become inconsistent or be based on persistence and not clinical need (Emanuel et al., 2024).
**_C. Thesis Statement_**
Therefore, it is critical that nurses at all levels ( bedside, APN & Leadership) use structured, value-driven decision making frameworks to ensure that GLP-1 therapy is equitably and consistently administered based on the evidence.
**II. Literature Review / Background**
**_A. Overview of Existing Research_**
According to literature, GLP-1 shortages are unlikely to be soon remedied, and have already created access disparities; some clinically indicated patients may not be able to access the medication for off-label use (Whitley et al., 2023). Formal drug allocation frameworks have been suggested, specifically for this class of drugs, on the basis that ad hoc prescribing is an ethically insufficient way of prescribing during prolonged shortages (Emanuel et al., 2024). Literature on nursing confirms that as NPs are becoming more prevalent, they are the ones balancing demand and limiting access because of shortage (Rodriguez et al., 2026).
**_B. Key Theories and Decision-Making Models_**
1. Shared Ethical Framework for Scarce Resource Allocation: five core values (benefit, fairness, equal concern, reciprocity, instrumental value) and transparency and evidence-responsiveness (Emanuel & Persad, 2023).
1. Nursing Shared Governance Model: Shared decision-making power at a practice level shared between bedside nurses, leaders and APNs regarding practice level resource decisions (McKnight & Moore, 2022).
**III. Main Body / Discussion**
**_A. Section One – Topic Analysis and Context_**
1. Why GLP-1 demand has outpaced supply: off-label weight-loss use and expanding approved indications.
1. How the shortage is experienced differently at the bedside, prescribing, and leadership levels.
**_B. Section Two – Comparative Analysis_**
1. Both bedside patient advocacy when prescriptions cannot be filled and APN use of prioritization criteria.
1. Shared Ethical Framework (APN/policy level) vs. Shared Governance (frontline-to-leadership channel).
**_C. Section Three – Application and Implications_**
1. Shared Ethical Framework used for APN ranking of patients by need (Emanuel et al., 2024).
1. Some shared governance in which bedside nurses inform the allocation policy (McKnight & Moore, 2022)
1. Benefits: consistent and defensible decisions. Adverse effects: placed additional administrative burden; criteria may not be up to date with the current shortages.
**IV. Conclusion**
**_A. Summary of Key Points_**
The problem of GLP-1 deficiency is a nursing problem at all practice levels. There are complementary tools for addressing this, such as the Shared Ethical Framework and Nursing Shared Governance Model.
**_B. Implications and Next Steps_**
The final paper will introduce a third model of decision making, include a detailed analysis of all three models at bedside, leadership and APN levels, and a funding source for an evidence-based initiative for equitable access to GLP-1.
**V. Preliminary References**
2
**References**
Emanuel, E. J., Dellgren, J. L., McCoy, M. S., & Persad, G. (2024). Fair allocation of GLP-1 and dual GLP-1–GIP receptor agonists. New England Journal of Medicine, 390(20), 1839–1842. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2400978
Emanuel, E. J., & Persad, G. (2023). The shared ethical framework to allocate scarce medical resources: A lesson from COVID-19. The Lancet, 401(10391), 1892–1902. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00812-7
McKnight, H., & Moore, S. M. (2022). Nursing shared governance. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549862/
Rodriguez, M. E., Lavell, J., & Foreman, R. M. (2026). GLP-1 receptor agonists: The good, the bad, and the ugly—A comprehensive guide for NPs. The Nurse Practitioner, 51(5), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NPR.0000000000000430
Whitley, H. P., Trujillo, J. M., & Neumiller, J. J. (2023). Special report: Potential strategies for addressing GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist shortages. Clinical Diabetes, 41(3), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.2337/cd23-0023
**## APA7professional-annotated-compressed.pdf**
https://apastyle.org
Hi, APA Styler!
Thank you for using the APA Style annotated sample professional
paper for guidance when wri�ng your paper or assignment.
This sample paper PDF contains annota�ons that draw aten�on
to key APA Style content and forma�ng such as the �tle page,
headings, in-text cita�ons, references, and more. Relevant
sec�ons of the seventh edi�on of the Publication Manual are also
provided for your reference.
You can find this sample paper and many other resources in the
seventh edi�ons of the Publication Manual and Concise Guide to
APA Style.
Please use discount code STYLEPAPER15 for 15% off APA Style
print products with free shipping in the United States.
Happy wri�ng!
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 50 8/1/19 7:01 PM
50 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Papers
E
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M
E
N
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S
&
F
O
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M
A
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Sample Professional Paper
abstract, 2.9;
section labels, 2.28
keywords, 2.10
professional
title page, 2.3
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 51 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 51
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
narrative citation, 8.11;
paraphrasing, 8.23
parenthetical citation
of a work with one
author, 8.17
parenthetical citation
for works with the
same author and
same date, 8.19
parenthetical citation
of multiple works, 8.12
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
title, 2.4, Table 2.1
running head, 2.8
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APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 52 8/1/19 7:01 PM
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52 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
parenthetical citation of
multiple works, 8.12
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
narrative citation used
to paraphrase methods
from two studies, 8.23
long paraphrase, 8.24
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 53 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 53
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 1 heading after
the introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
italics used for anchors
of a scale, 6.22
statistics presented
in text, 6.43
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
en dash used in a
numerical range, 6.6
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&
F
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APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 54 8/1/19 7:01 PM
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54 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 1 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
statistics presented in
text, 6.43
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
table called out in
text, 7.5; table
numbers, 7.10
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 55 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 55
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
footnote callout, 2.13
referring to a previous
footnote, 2.13
footnote in page
footer, 2.13
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
figure called out in
text, 7.5; figure
numbers, 7.24
Level 1 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
parenthetical citation
of multiple papers by
the same author, 8.12
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F
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APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 56 8/1/19 7:01 PM
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56 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
percent symbol
repeated in a range,
6.44
parenthetical citation
of multiple works, 8.12
parenthetical citation
of a work with two
authors, 8.17
Level 3 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 57 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 57
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 3 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
parenthetical citation
of two works, 8.12
“see also” citation, 8.12
parenthetical citation
of a work with one
author, 8.17
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
quotation marks used
to indicate an ironic
comment, 6.7
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F
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APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 58 8/1/19 7:01 PM
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58 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
journal article reference
without a DOI, 10.1
journal article reference,
10.1
reference list, 2.12,
Chapter 9; section
labels, 2.28
letters used after the
year for multiple works
with the same author
and year, 9.47
book reference, 10.2
APA_PM7_Ch2-BLueline.indd 59 8/1/19 7:01 PM
Sample Papers • 59
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
journal article
reference with missing
issue number, 9.26
title ending with a
question mark, 9.19
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60 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
table number, 7.10
figure number,
7.24
table title, 7.11
figure title, 7.25
table note, 7.14
figure note,
7.28
**DecisionMakingProcessPaperDue.docx**
This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/decisionmakingprocesspaperdue-docx-10611963)
**## APA_7_Professional_Paper_Template_June_20203.docx**
TITLE OF YOUR PAPER 1
**Title of Your Paper**
Your Name
Gateway Technical College
**Abstract**
The abstract is a brief summary of your paper and generally around 250 words. Consult your course syllabus or your instructor for specific details.
**Title of Your Paper**
The main text of your paper begins here. Consult with your assignment details in regard to section headings and other requirements.
**References**
Enter your reference citations in alphabetical order by author or title. Include hanging indents where the first line is flush to the left margin and the second and additional lines are indented by a half-inch.
**## Topic_and_Outline_GLP1.docx**
5
**Advanced Practice Nursing & Clinical Governance, Topic 1:**
**GLP-1 Medication Prioritization and Scarcity**
Mirlenys Diaz
Florida National University
Decision-Making
Dr. Nora Hernandez-Pupo
September 19, 2026
2
**GLP-1 Medication Prioritization and Scarcity: Topic and Outline**
**I. Introduction**
**_A. Background Information_**
Originally developed for use in type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists are now being used for weight loss and cardiovascular protection. Demand, particularly for off-label weight loss use, has been outstripping supply, creating an ongoing national shortage and requiring a decision as to who will be treated first (Whitley et al., 2023).
**_B. Statement of the Problem_**
In a scarcity scenario, GLP-1 access moves from a strictly clinical to an ethical and organizational decision. When prescriptions can't be filled, bedside nurses handle the distress of patients, while APNs decide who has met prioritization criteria and nurse leaders determine policies that guide this decision. If not structured, allocation may become inconsistent or be based on persistence and not clinical need (Emanuel et al., 2024).
**_C. Thesis Statement_**
Therefore, it is critical that nurses at all levels ( bedside, APN & Leadership) use structured, value-driven decision making frameworks to ensure that GLP-1 therapy is equitably and consistently administered based on the evidence.
**II. Literature Review / Background**
**_A. Overview of Existing Research_**
According to literature, GLP-1 shortages are unlikely to be soon remedied, and have already created access disparities; some clinically indicated patients may not be able to access the medication for off-label use (Whitley et al., 2023). Formal drug allocation frameworks have been suggested, specifically for this class of drugs, on the basis that ad hoc prescribing is an ethically insufficient way of prescribing during prolonged shortages (Emanuel et al., 2024). Literature on nursing confirms that as NPs are becoming more prevalent, they are the ones balancing demand and limiting access because of shortage (Rodriguez et al., 2026).
**_B. Key Theories and Decision-Making Models_**
1. Shared Ethical Framework for Scarce Resource Allocation: five core values (benefit, fairness, equal concern, reciprocity, instrumental value) and transparency and evidence-responsiveness (Emanuel & Persad, 2023).
1. Nursing Shared Governance Model: Shared decision-making power at a practice level shared between bedside nurses, leaders and APNs regarding practice level resource decisions (McKnight & Moore, 2022).
**III. Main Body / Discussion**
**_A. Section One – Topic Analysis and Context_**
1. Why GLP-1 demand has outpaced supply: off-label weight-loss use and expanding approved indications.
1. How the shortage is experienced differently at the bedside, prescribing, and leadership levels.
**_B. Section Two – Comparative Analysis_**
1. Both bedside patient advocacy when prescriptions cannot be filled and APN use of prioritization criteria.
1. Shared Ethical Framework (APN/policy level) vs. Shared Governance (frontline-to-leadership channel).
**_C. Section Three – Application and Implications_**
1. Shared Ethical Framework used for APN ranking of patients by need (Emanuel et al., 2024).
1. Some shared governance in which bedside nurses inform the allocation policy (McKnight & Moore, 2022)
1. Benefits: consistent and defensible decisions. Adverse effects: placed additional administrative burden; criteria may not be up to date with the current shortages.
**IV. Conclusion**
**_A. Summary of Key Points_**
The problem of GLP-1 deficiency is a nursing problem at all practice levels. There are complementary tools for addressing this, such as the Shared Ethical Framework and Nursing Shared Governance Model.
**_B. Implications and Next Steps_**
The final paper will introduce a third model of decision making, include a detailed analysis of all three models at bedside, leadership and APN levels, and a funding source for an evidence-based initiative for equitable access to GLP-1.
**V. Preliminary References**
2
**References**
Emanuel, E. J., Dellgren, J. L., McCoy, M. S., & Persad, G. (2024). Fair allocation of GLP-1 and dual GLP-1–GIP receptor agonists. New England Journal of Medicine, 390(20), 1839–1842. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2400978
Emanuel, E. J., & Persad, G. (2023). The shared ethical framework to allocate scarce medical resources: A lesson from COVID-19. The Lancet, 401(10391), 1892–1902. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00812-7
McKnight, H., & Moore, S. M. (2022). Nursing shared governance. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549862/
Rodriguez, M. E., Lavell, J., & Foreman, R. M. (2026). GLP-1 receptor agonists: The good, the bad, and the ugly—A comprehensive guide for NPs. The Nurse Practitioner, 51(5), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NPR.0000000000000430
Whitley, H. P., Trujillo, J. M., & Neumiller, J. J. (2023). Special report: Potential strategies for addressing GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist shortages. Clinical Diabetes, 41(3), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.2337/cd23-0023
**## APA7professional-annotated-compressed.pdf**
https://apastyle.org
Hi, APA Styler!
Thank you for using the APA Style annotated sample professional
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section labels, 2.28
keywords, 2.10
professional
title page, 2.3
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Sample Papers • 51
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
narrative citation, 8.11;
paraphrasing, 8.23
parenthetical citation
of a work with one
author, 8.17
parenthetical citation
for works with the
same author and
same date, 8.19
parenthetical citation
of multiple works, 8.12
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
title, 2.4, Table 2.1
running head, 2.8
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parenthetical citation of
multiple works, 8.12
Level 2 heading in the
introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.4
narrative citation used
to paraphrase methods
from two studies, 8.23
long paraphrase, 8.24
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Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 1 heading after
the introduction, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
italics used for anchors
of a scale, 6.22
statistics presented
in text, 6.43
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
en dash used in a
numerical range, 6.6
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Level 1 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
statistics presented in
text, 6.43
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
table called out in
text, 7.5; table
numbers, 7.10
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Sample Papers • 55
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
footnote callout, 2.13
referring to a previous
footnote, 2.13
footnote in page
footer, 2.13
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
figure called out in
text, 7.5; figure
numbers, 7.24
Level 1 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
parenthetical citation
of multiple papers by
the same author, 8.12
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Sample Professional Paper (continued)
percent symbol
repeated in a range,
6.44
parenthetical citation
of multiple works, 8.12
parenthetical citation
of a work with two
authors, 8.17
Level 3 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
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Sample Papers • 57
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
Level 3 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
parenthetical citation
of two works, 8.12
“see also” citation, 8.12
parenthetical citation
of a work with one
author, 8.17
Level 2 heading, 2.27,
Table 2.3, Figure 2.5
quotation marks used
to indicate an ironic
comment, 6.7
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Sample Professional Paper (continued)
journal article reference
without a DOI, 10.1
journal article reference,
10.1
reference list, 2.12,
Chapter 9; section
labels, 2.28
letters used after the
year for multiple works
with the same author
and year, 9.47
book reference, 10.2
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Sample Papers • 59
Sample Professional Paper (continued)
journal article
reference with missing
issue number, 9.26
title ending with a
question mark, 9.19
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table number, 7.10
figure number,
7.24
table title, 7.11
figure title, 7.25
table note, 7.14
figure note,
7.28
**DecisionMakingProcessPaperDue.docx**
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