Tag: Homework Solution

  • [Solved] Walmart case

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    Executive Solution Overview

    n the first half of the assignment, you will prepare for Walmart to operate in a foreign market. You will need to do the following: – Analyze at least two leadership models and/or styles to determine which one will be more suitable for leading employees and for responding to stakeholders in a countr…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    n the first half of the assignment, you will prepare for Walmart to operate in a foreign market. You will need to do the following:

    – Analyze at least two leadership models and/or styles to determine which one will be more suitable for leading employees and for responding to stakeholders in a country outside of North America.
    – Determine the leadership competencies that would be beneficial to you as a leader in the selected foreign market. You will choose Peru, New Zealand, Philippines, Egypt, Czech Republic, or the United Arab Emirates for your analysis.
    – Compare and contrast concepts of cultural leadership according to how they can be applied in the country that you have selected.
    – Determine the leadership skills and practices that should be used to foster team and organizational success.

    In the second half of the assignment, you will conduct an analysis of the country where you have decided to expand operations. The analysis must include:

    – The rationale for country selection based on demographic and economic data.
    – The analysis should inform leadership about the country’s culture based upon GLOBE’s nine dimensions of culture as argued in Lumen (n.d.).
    – Incorporate each of the nine dimensions of culture in an analysis that will be hypothetically presented to Walmart leadership. When using the nine dimensions, current information about the culture of the selected country must be used

    8pages apa

    5 refernces : includes these as part of the 5

    https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2017/04/30/walmart-expands-again-in-india-but-still-not-able-to-open-consumer-stores-to-consumer-detriment/#2235ccdf1173

    https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-principlesofmanagement/chapter/dimensions-of-cultural-difference-and-their-effect/#:~:text=These%20studies%20identified%20nine%20dimensions,group%20collectivism%2C%20and%20gender%20egalitarianism

    and attached case study on Walmart

    – [\
    \
    walmartcasestudey.docx](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/walmartcasestudey-docx "walmartcasestudey.docx")

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] Health

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    Executive Solution Overview

    – 2 years ago **files (1)** – ## Casestudy9.docx **## Casestudy9.docx** Read Real-World Case 12.2 (page 308) and answer both qualitatively and quantitatively these two questions: 1. Should the hospital have paid the ransom? Justify your stance. **200 word-count justification 2. Identify a security…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    – 2 years ago

    **files (1)**

    – ## Casestudy9.docx

    **## Casestudy9.docx**

    Read Real-World Case 12.2 (page 308) and answer both qualitatively and quantitatively these two questions:

    1.  Should the hospital have paid the ransom?  Justify your stance.

    **200 word-count justification

    2.  Identify a security method that may have prevented this infection of their EHR.

    Please see Real-World Case 12.2 below:

    ![A close up of a page](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/health-20898789)

    ![A close up of a document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/health-20898789)

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.png

    **## Casestudy9.docx**

    Read Real-World Case 12.2 (page 308) and answer both qualitatively and quantitatively these two questions:

    1.  Should the hospital have paid the ransom?  Justify your stance.

    **200 word-count justification

    2.  Identify a security method that may have prevented this infection of their EHR.

    Please see Real-World Case 12.2 below:

    ![A close up of a page](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/health-20898789)

    ![A close up of a document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/health-20898789)

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.png

  • [Solved] week 6

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    Executive Solution Overview

    [>Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-management) – 2 years ago **files (2)** – ## 6.1Discussion.Responses.12MonthstoLive.docx – ## 6.2Discussion.Responses.FinalProgramReflection.docx **## 6.1Discussion.Responses.12MonthstoLive.docx** INSTRUCTIONS: Read and r…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    [>Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-management)

    – 2 years ago

    **files (2)**

    – ## 6.1Discussion.Responses.12MonthstoLive.docx

    – ## 6.2Discussion.Responses.FinalProgramReflection.docx

    **## 6.1Discussion.Responses.12MonthstoLive.docx**

    INSTRUCTIONS: Read and respond to the three discussion posts (Ashley, Diamond, and Travis).

    ·

    ·
    [**6.1 12 Months to Live-Thank-You**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5876885/View)

    Ashley

    **_Summarize key points from the documentary for this week_**

    This past weekend, I watched Dr. Dave’s video to put all the little clips together and make a complete story. I enjoyed the video in its entirety very much, and it made more sense altogether.

            In his final trek, Dr. Dave goes to Australia to work and takes time by the ocean to reflect on his yearlong “walkabout,” which he describes as a spontaneous journey through the wilderness in search of greater clarity and peace. He thought about his original goals: wander, write and record, and live in awe and wonder. He came to a mental, emotional, and spiritual place of peace, guided by love, beauty, and truth. Dr. Dave slowly but surely found his joy again.

            Once back in the States, Dr. Dave contacted his mentor, Dr. Joy, to discuss his journey and renewed perspective on life. Dr. Joy discussed the importance of integrating the pain and tragedies of life with our joy. Life doesn’t stop being joyful when there’s tragedy, just as life doesn’t stop being painful when there’s happiness. I love what Dr. Joy says about persevering and not giving up (to suicide) by incorporating the painful times with your emotional being. Thus, you can become an “unparalleled authority.” Someone who knows pain and heartbreak can more readily help someone else through it and offer hope.

            Dr. Dave finished out the video with his ‘dude night’ conversation. In it, his friend talks about how after his dad got divorced, he experienced a greater closeness and friendship with his father in a way he had not before. His friend had always wanted to have an adult friendship with his father, and it wasn’t possible until his father was broken. The friend’s dad observed that a broken heart is an open heart; sometimes, that’s what it takes to open.

    **_Write about one major aspect or point of the program and your project that you sensed God’s presence or leading. Consider how even the darkness may have been a part of God’s plan_**

            I can relate to Dr. Dave’s journey to find his joy again as I have a similar grief story. I have written about it extensively in this program and have been on my own “walkabout” and quest for joy for the past two years. A week ago marked the second anniversary of the death of my best friend and the love of my life. It’s still hard to wrap my mind around the fact that he’s gone; it was so sudden and very unexpected. Being able to write about my grief experience has helped me to process my feelings as Dr. Dave did in his video. I no longer feel I will never be happy, but I don’t know if I will ever love anyone like that again. We shall see. I know God has a plan for me, and I eagerly await what the future may bring.

    **_Take a moment to write a prayer of thanksgiving and celebration for all that you have accomplished in this program, for God’s hand of guidance, protection and grace_**

            I have felt God’s guiding hand and gentle whispers of encouragement to continue and finish this program. It’s been an incredible experience that is hard to describe. I am forever grateful and feel a surge of thankfulness, relief, and happiness, tinged with sadness, too; that’s its ending. I’m also not ending with my original cohort, and that’s a little bittersweet, but I want to say that this group has been outstanding and uplifting. You are exceptional scholars, and I loved what I’ve learned from you. I know you will do great things out there and be a shining example of what it means to live a good life of purpose, meaning, and joy.

    ·

    ·

    ·
    [**12 Months to Live**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5882314/View)

    Diamond

    This week’s final segment of Dr. Dave and the Girl Who Couldn’t Laugh was a powerful conclusion to an incredible journey. Dr. Dave’s reflections on reconnecting with mentors, honoring his progress, and seeing the hand of God in even the darkest moments deeply resonated with me. The most moving part was when he acknowledged that while he initially sought joy in laughter, what he truly found was a deeper sense of peace, purpose, and gratitude. The Psalm 139 passage beautifully expressed his realization that God’s presence had been with him through every twist and turn guiding, protecting, and never leaving his side.

    As I look back on my own Capstone Project and the program as a whole, I can clearly see God’s hand at work especially during moments of doubt and exhaustion. There were times when I questioned my ability to finish, when balancing work, school, and life felt overwhelming. Yet, in those moments of “darkness,” I found unexpected strength, clarity, and reassurance. One of the most profound lessons I’ve learned is that God doesn’t just meet us in joy He’s also present in our struggle.

    Prayer of Thanksgiving:
    Heavenly Father, I thank You for walking with me through every step of this journey. Thank You for the strength You gave me when I felt weak, for the wisdom You placed in my heart, and for surrounding me with people who lifted me up. I praise You for every challenge, every lesson, and every joyful moment of growth. Lord, may I carry this knowledge and this faith into the next chapter of my life. Amen.

    ·
    [**6.1 12 Month's to Live**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5885442/View)

    Travis

    • Summarize key points from the documentary for this week.

    It's awesome that Dr. Dave had the means to travel in assisting with his self care and therapy to find his laugh again. His trip to Australia would be his last major travel in the documentary where he went to do his walkabout, serve and reflect on his journey. But I wonder where  Dr. Dave would have ended up without the means to travel.

    Anyhow, it was refreshing to see him reconnect with his mentor Dr. Joy back in the States. Dr. Joy is still very active and full of zest in his old age.

    • Write about one major aspect or point of the program and your project that you sensed God’s presence or leading. Consider how even the darkness may have been a part of God’s plan.

    For me, I almost quite the program which may come as a surprise to some, but I felt like giving up or at least hitting the pause button. I started this journey when everything in my life was shifting, career, home life, health etc. However in the stormy moments of doubt, I felt God nudging me to push through. I knew I had to keep forging ahead, stay in prayer and God would strengthen me and He did. Dreading a process or focusing on how long something will take to achieve can by a catalyst for giving up. I've been learning to embrace time, be patient because what other choice do we have anyway?

    • Take a moment to write a prayer of thanksgiving and celebration for all that you have accomplished in this program, for God’s hand of guidance, protection and grace.

    Father God, in the name of Jesus, I thank you once again for coming through for me. I thank you for leading me, and always showing me your face, when I need you most. I realize that after each triumph in life, there's always another boss that needs to be defeated and through Christ and I can slap them all silly! 😊 In Jesus name, amen!!

    I believe God has a sense of humor.

    **## 6.2Discussion.Responses.FinalProgramReflection.docx**

    **INSTRUCTIONS: Read and Respond to the three discussion posts (Ashley, Diamond and Travis.**

    ·
    [**6.2 Final Program Reflection-The Last Discussion**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5883344/View)

    Contains unread posts

    Ashley Bloom posted Apr 10, 2025 9:22 PM

    Subscribe

    Three Good Things

    1) Stamina and Overcoming Doubt-

            At the beginning of 2021, I was diagnosed with Lyme disease. I was treated very aggressively for almost three years before starting the MA in Psychology. I was beginning to feel better, have more energy, and less pain by the time I started the program. Had I not been treated so aggressively prior, I don’t think I would have made it through the program. I was worried about accomplishing a program like this while working full-time and juggling family responsibilities. I am so grateful for finding a fantastic doctor who thought outside the box and was willing to try anything. I would not be where I am without the help and guidance of my Lyme doctor. I am now nearing the end of this program, and I am so thankful I made it! I have been running on adrenaline for the last year, and it is starting to catch up with me.

            I think the program's format, being online, and having a predictable sequence of assignments every week helped ground me in my studies. It gave me a structure and routine. I also had some very positive and encouraging Professors early on who were instrumental in giving me confidence, especially Dr. Dunn, who was such a blessing. His faith in me—the thoughtful comments and feedback made a difference and gave me the strength to continue. It had been a long time since I was in school, and I had doubts about my ability and stamina, but Dr. Dunn had no doubts about me, and I am forever grateful for his kind soul.

    Mark 9:23, "Jesus said to him, If you can? Everything is possible for the one who believes" (Bible Gateway, n.d.).

    2) Outstanding Classmates and New Perspectives-

            When I started the program, I did not know how the cohort would be structured, whether I would be with the same students throughout the program, or whether every class would be different. How would interacting with other online students feel? Would it be like in-person schooling? Would I feel too disconnected? For the first ten months of the program, I was with many of the same students and developed a fondness for them. We had to post videos of ourselves doing mock life coaching sessions, and it was so touching to see my classmate’s videos. I was stunned by the quality of responses in our weekly discussion posts and knew I had to step up my game to compete. It motivated me to do better. I also learned more about Christianity from my classmates, as I did not grow up in religion. Most students seemed to be from the Midwest (I live in California), and I appreciated the different perspectives that people from other regions of the country bring. I loved my classmates' different ideas and viewpoints and am grateful to have been in this program. Their kind words, insightful comments, and perceptive feedback encouraged me.

    3) Appreciation and Reflection-

            I didn’t know much about positive psychology, but it sounded cool. I knew I wanted to learn about Psychology, but I also knew I didn’t want to take years and years to get my Master’s degree. I wanted something tangible, applicable to real life, and incorporating life coaching skills. I couldn’t have asked for a better program. Learning the principles of positive psychology along with biblical principles blended well together. I would say that I have a newfound appreciation for what makes for the good life and how to flourish. This program gave us the keys to the kingdom of happiness, which most people learn too late, if at all. Reflecting in a measured way was pivotal in shaping my mind and spirit in appreciation and living in gratitude for all that I’ve been through, all that I have, and all that is still left to experience. Reflecting on biblical principles gave me a new appreciation for how similar the words of Jesus are to the principles of positive psychology. I don’t think this is the end of my study of positive psychology. I am a lifelong learner and have always been a reader. I do admit that I need to rest and relax for a time. This is also the time to take pride in our accomplishments and savor the delicious feeling of a job well done.

    As Emerson wrote, "The reward of a thing well done, is to have done it" (The Walden Woods Project, 2025).

    **References**

    Bible Gateway. (n.d.).
    _Mark 9:22-24 Christian Standard Bible_. biblegateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%209%3A22-24&version=CSB

    The Walden Woods Project. (2025).
    _Fifty Quotations by Ralph Waldo Emerson_. walden.org.
    [https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/](https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/)

    I feel such a mix of emotions: gratitude, contentment, relief, pride, and a small amount of sadness as this program is coming to a close, and this is the last discussion. I wish everyone all the best, and may God continue to bless and keep you safe.

    _In gratitude and love,_

    _Ashley_

    ·

    [**Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5884085/View)

    Diamond

    Over the past 15 months in the MA in Psychology program there have been so many challenges, lessons, and moments of growth, but three things really stand out as major wins for me. The first was completing my Capstone Project. It felt like the most meaningful way to wrap up everything I’ve learned, and I poured my heart into it. What made it go well was the amount of support I had both from classmates and the professor. I also think it helped that I chose a topic I deeply care about which was helping recent college graduates transition into the workforce using positive psychology tools. Having a real sense of purpose behind the work kept me motivated and gave me clarity even when things felt overwhelming.

    The second thing that went well was finding my voice as a future psychologist. Early in the program, I was unsure about what direction I wanted to take with my career. I had an idea, but not a clear path. Through the different classes, reflections, and projects, I realized that I’m passionate about working with adolescents and helping them find their way through life using strengths-based interventions. What made this go well was being able to connect with my professors and peers, who asked the right questions and challenged me to think deeper. The feedback I received throughout the program gave me the confidence to stand firm in my goals.

    Lastly, I’m grateful for the community I found along the way. Being in an online program, I was a little nervous about feeling isolated. But that wasn’t the case at all. There were so many moments where someone’s discussion post, encouragement, or shared story made me feel seen and supported. What helped this go well was simply showing up as my authentic self. I didn’t try to overthink things I just tried to stay open and present. Because of that, I’ve built connections that I hope to carry with me beyond this program.

    Another thing that went well was rediscovering the strength of my faith throughout the program. There were times when I felt overwhelmed, uncertain, or emotionally drained, but anchoring myself in Scripture and prayer helped me push through. Several assignments gave me space to reflect on how biblical principles align with positive psychology, and that connection deepened my spirituality. What made this go well was giving myself permission to integrate my faith into my academic journey, rather than separating the two. It made the experience more meaningful and personal.

    Finally, I would say my personal growth outside of the courses was just as important as what I learned academically. Over the course of the program, I became more intentional about boundaries, rest, and self-compassion. I learned to give myself grace and recognize the progress I was making, even if it didn’t always feel big in the moment. This went well because I began to apply the very tools we studied like gratitude, mindfulness, and resilience into my daily life. That’s something I’ll take with me forever.

    ·
    [**No Hindsight Bias – Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5885573/View)

    Travis

    **Learning to Help myself and others**

    This program has taught me so much. It's shown me, things that I was already doing well in terms of positive psychology that I didn't even know existed or that their was a term for it, like having a growth mindset and being resilient etc.

    **Quitting My Job**

    The decision to leave my six-figure job was one of the most liberating choices I've ever made. It wasn't without hesitation or fear—I grappled with the risks and uncertainties that come with stepping away from financial security. However, the prospect of freedom and dedicating myself fully to my education ultimately outweighed those concerns. Leaving my job allowed me to shift my focus from merely "getting by" academically to truly immersing myself in the MA program. With fewer distractions and obligations, I could engage deeply with the material and push myself to excel in ways that wouldn't have been possible otherwise. This milestone was a testament to the importance of prioritizing growth over comfort—a choice that led to personal fulfillment and academic success.

    **Not Giving Up**

    The past 15 months have been a rollercoaster, filled with moments where quitting seemed like the easier path. However, I found strength in the very principles of positive psychology that I was studying. Concepts like resilience, optimism, and grit became more than academic theories; they became tools I used in real time to navigate challenges and persist in my studies. It's almost poetic how the very subject matter of the program contributed to my ability to complete it. Reflecting on this milestone, I realized that perseverance is not just about pushing through hard times; it's about finding meaning and hope in the journey itself.

    **Learning to Help Myself and Others**

    One of the most profound aspects of the program was the opportunity to learn about myself while gaining the tools to help others. I discovered that I had unknowingly been practicing positive psychology in my own life, with habits like maintaining a growth mindset and demonstrating resilience. Learning the formal concepts behind these practices gave me a greater appreciation for their impact and inspired me to apply them with more intention. Beyond personal growth, the program taught me how to effectively support others in their journeys toward mental and emotional well-being. This milestone represents the dual transformation of self-improvement and the ability to contribute positively to the lives of those around me.

    Bottom of Form

    /1

    **## 6.2Discussion.Responses.FinalProgramReflection.docx**

    **INSTRUCTIONS: Read and Respond to the three discussion posts (Ashley, Diamond and Travis.**

    ·
    [**6.2 Final Program Reflection-The Last Discussion**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5883344/View)

    Contains unread posts

    Ashley Bloom posted Apr 10, 2025 9:22 PM

    Subscribe

    Three Good Things

    1) Stamina and Overcoming Doubt-

            At the beginning of 2021, I was diagnosed with Lyme disease. I was treated very aggressively for almost three years before starting the MA in Psychology. I was beginning to feel better, have more energy, and less pain by the time I started the program. Had I not been treated so aggressively prior, I don’t think I would have made it through the program. I was worried about accomplishing a program like this while working full-time and juggling family responsibilities. I am so grateful for finding a fantastic doctor who thought outside the box and was willing to try anything. I would not be where I am without the help and guidance of my Lyme doctor. I am now nearing the end of this program, and I am so thankful I made it! I have been running on adrenaline for the last year, and it is starting to catch up with me.

            I think the program's format, being online, and having a predictable sequence of assignments every week helped ground me in my studies. It gave me a structure and routine. I also had some very positive and encouraging Professors early on who were instrumental in giving me confidence, especially Dr. Dunn, who was such a blessing. His faith in me—the thoughtful comments and feedback made a difference and gave me the strength to continue. It had been a long time since I was in school, and I had doubts about my ability and stamina, but Dr. Dunn had no doubts about me, and I am forever grateful for his kind soul.

    Mark 9:23, "Jesus said to him, If you can? Everything is possible for the one who believes" (Bible Gateway, n.d.).

    2) Outstanding Classmates and New Perspectives-

            When I started the program, I did not know how the cohort would be structured, whether I would be with the same students throughout the program, or whether every class would be different. How would interacting with other online students feel? Would it be like in-person schooling? Would I feel too disconnected? For the first ten months of the program, I was with many of the same students and developed a fondness for them. We had to post videos of ourselves doing mock life coaching sessions, and it was so touching to see my classmate’s videos. I was stunned by the quality of responses in our weekly discussion posts and knew I had to step up my game to compete. It motivated me to do better. I also learned more about Christianity from my classmates, as I did not grow up in religion. Most students seemed to be from the Midwest (I live in California), and I appreciated the different perspectives that people from other regions of the country bring. I loved my classmates' different ideas and viewpoints and am grateful to have been in this program. Their kind words, insightful comments, and perceptive feedback encouraged me.

    3) Appreciation and Reflection-

            I didn’t know much about positive psychology, but it sounded cool. I knew I wanted to learn about Psychology, but I also knew I didn’t want to take years and years to get my Master’s degree. I wanted something tangible, applicable to real life, and incorporating life coaching skills. I couldn’t have asked for a better program. Learning the principles of positive psychology along with biblical principles blended well together. I would say that I have a newfound appreciation for what makes for the good life and how to flourish. This program gave us the keys to the kingdom of happiness, which most people learn too late, if at all. Reflecting in a measured way was pivotal in shaping my mind and spirit in appreciation and living in gratitude for all that I’ve been through, all that I have, and all that is still left to experience. Reflecting on biblical principles gave me a new appreciation for how similar the words of Jesus are to the principles of positive psychology. I don’t think this is the end of my study of positive psychology. I am a lifelong learner and have always been a reader. I do admit that I need to rest and relax for a time. This is also the time to take pride in our accomplishments and savor the delicious feeling of a job well done.

    As Emerson wrote, "The reward of a thing well done, is to have done it" (The Walden Woods Project, 2025).

    **References**

    Bible Gateway. (n.d.).
    _Mark 9:22-24 Christian Standard Bible_. biblegateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%209%3A22-24&version=CSB

    The Walden Woods Project. (2025).
    _Fifty Quotations by Ralph Waldo Emerson_. walden.org.
    [https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/](https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/)

    I feel such a mix of emotions: gratitude, contentment, relief, pride, and a small amount of sadness as this program is coming to a close, and this is the last discussion. I wish everyone all the best, and may God continue to bless and keep you safe.

    _In gratitude and love,_

    _Ashley_

    ·

    [**Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5884085/View)

    Diamond

    Over the past 15 months in the MA in Psychology program there have been so many challenges, lessons, and moments of growth, but three things really stand out as major wins for me. The first was completing my Capstone Project. It felt like the most meaningful way to wrap up everything I’ve learned, and I poured my heart into it. What made it go well was the amount of support I had both from classmates and the professor. I also think it helped that I chose a topic I deeply care about which was helping recent college graduates transition into the workforce using positive psychology tools. Having a real sense of purpose behind the work kept me motivated and gave me clarity even when things felt overwhelming.

    The second thing that went well was finding my voice as a future psychologist. Early in the program, I was unsure about what direction I wanted to take with my career. I had an idea, but not a clear path. Through the different classes, reflections, and projects, I realized that I’m passionate about working with adolescents and helping them find their way through life using strengths-based interventions. What made this go well was being able to connect with my professors and peers, who asked the right questions and challenged me to think deeper. The feedback I received throughout the program gave me the confidence to stand firm in my goals.

    Lastly, I’m grateful for the community I found along the way. Being in an online program, I was a little nervous about feeling isolated. But that wasn’t the case at all. There were so many moments where someone’s discussion post, encouragement, or shared story made me feel seen and supported. What helped this go well was simply showing up as my authentic self. I didn’t try to overthink things I just tried to stay open and present. Because of that, I’ve built connections that I hope to carry with me beyond this program.

    Another thing that went well was rediscovering the strength of my faith throughout the program. There were times when I felt overwhelmed, uncertain, or emotionally drained, but anchoring myself in Scripture and prayer helped me push through. Several assignments gave me space to reflect on how biblical principles align with positive psychology, and that connection deepened my spirituality. What made this go well was giving myself permission to integrate my faith into my academic journey, rather than separating the two. It made the experience more meaningful and personal.

    Finally, I would say my personal growth outside of the courses was just as important as what I learned academically. Over the course of the program, I became more intentional about boundaries, rest, and self-compassion. I learned to give myself grace and recognize the progress I was making, even if it didn’t always feel big in the moment. This went well because I began to apply the very tools we studied like gratitude, mindfulness, and resilience into my daily life. That’s something I’ll take with me forever.

    ·
    [**No Hindsight Bias – Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5885573/View)

    Travis

    **Learning to Help myself and others**

    This program has taught me so much. It's shown me, things that I was already doing well in terms of positive psychology that I didn't even know existed or that their was a term for it, like having a growth mindset and being resilient etc.

    **Quitting My Job**

    The decision to leave my six-figure job was one of the most liberating choices I've ever made. It wasn't without hesitation or fear—I grappled with the risks and uncertainties that come with stepping away from financial security. However, the prospect of freedom and dedicating myself fully to my education ultimately outweighed those concerns. Leaving my job allowed me to shift my focus from merely "getting by" academically to truly immersing myself in the MA program. With fewer distractions and obligations, I could engage deeply with the material and push myself to excel in ways that wouldn't have been possible otherwise. This milestone was a testament to the importance of prioritizing growth over comfort—a choice that led to personal fulfillment and academic success.

    **Not Giving Up**

    The past 15 months have been a rollercoaster, filled with moments where quitting seemed like the easier path. However, I found strength in the very principles of positive psychology that I was studying. Concepts like resilience, optimism, and grit became more than academic theories; they became tools I used in real time to navigate challenges and persist in my studies. It's almost poetic how the very subject matter of the program contributed to my ability to complete it. Reflecting on this milestone, I realized that perseverance is not just about pushing through hard times; it's about finding meaning and hope in the journey itself.

    **Learning to Help Myself and Others**

    One of the most profound aspects of the program was the opportunity to learn about myself while gaining the tools to help others. I discovered that I had unknowingly been practicing positive psychology in my own life, with habits like maintaining a growth mindset and demonstrating resilience. Learning the formal concepts behind these practices gave me a greater appreciation for their impact and inspired me to apply them with more intention. Beyond personal growth, the program taught me how to effectively support others in their journeys toward mental and emotional well-being. This milestone represents the dual transformation of self-improvement and the ability to contribute positively to the lives of those around me.

    Bottom of Form

    /1

    **## 6.1Discussion.Responses.12MonthstoLive.docx**

    INSTRUCTIONS: Read and respond to the three discussion posts (Ashley, Diamond, and Travis).

    ·

    ·
    [**6.1 12 Months to Live-Thank-You**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5876885/View)

    Ashley

    **_Summarize key points from the documentary for this week_**

    This past weekend, I watched Dr. Dave’s video to put all the little clips together and make a complete story. I enjoyed the video in its entirety very much, and it made more sense altogether.

            In his final trek, Dr. Dave goes to Australia to work and takes time by the ocean to reflect on his yearlong “walkabout,” which he describes as a spontaneous journey through the wilderness in search of greater clarity and peace. He thought about his original goals: wander, write and record, and live in awe and wonder. He came to a mental, emotional, and spiritual place of peace, guided by love, beauty, and truth. Dr. Dave slowly but surely found his joy again.

            Once back in the States, Dr. Dave contacted his mentor, Dr. Joy, to discuss his journey and renewed perspective on life. Dr. Joy discussed the importance of integrating the pain and tragedies of life with our joy. Life doesn’t stop being joyful when there’s tragedy, just as life doesn’t stop being painful when there’s happiness. I love what Dr. Joy says about persevering and not giving up (to suicide) by incorporating the painful times with your emotional being. Thus, you can become an “unparalleled authority.” Someone who knows pain and heartbreak can more readily help someone else through it and offer hope.

            Dr. Dave finished out the video with his ‘dude night’ conversation. In it, his friend talks about how after his dad got divorced, he experienced a greater closeness and friendship with his father in a way he had not before. His friend had always wanted to have an adult friendship with his father, and it wasn’t possible until his father was broken. The friend’s dad observed that a broken heart is an open heart; sometimes, that’s what it takes to open.

    **_Write about one major aspect or point of the program and your project that you sensed God’s presence or leading. Consider how even the darkness may have been a part of God’s plan_**

            I can relate to Dr. Dave’s journey to find his joy again as I have a similar grief story. I have written about it extensively in this program and have been on my own “walkabout” and quest for joy for the past two years. A week ago marked the second anniversary of the death of my best friend and the love of my life. It’s still hard to wrap my mind around the fact that he’s gone; it was so sudden and very unexpected. Being able to write about my grief experience has helped me to process my feelings as Dr. Dave did in his video. I no longer feel I will never be happy, but I don’t know if I will ever love anyone like that again. We shall see. I know God has a plan for me, and I eagerly await what the future may bring.

    **_Take a moment to write a prayer of thanksgiving and celebration for all that you have accomplished in this program, for God’s hand of guidance, protection and grace_**

            I have felt God’s guiding hand and gentle whispers of encouragement to continue and finish this program. It’s been an incredible experience that is hard to describe. I am forever grateful and feel a surge of thankfulness, relief, and happiness, tinged with sadness, too; that’s its ending. I’m also not ending with my original cohort, and that’s a little bittersweet, but I want to say that this group has been outstanding and uplifting. You are exceptional scholars, and I loved what I’ve learned from you. I know you will do great things out there and be a shining example of what it means to live a good life of purpose, meaning, and joy.

    ·

    ·

    ·
    [**12 Months to Live**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5882314/View)

    Diamond

    This week’s final segment of Dr. Dave and the Girl Who Couldn’t Laugh was a powerful conclusion to an incredible journey. Dr. Dave’s reflections on reconnecting with mentors, honoring his progress, and seeing the hand of God in even the darkest moments deeply resonated with me. The most moving part was when he acknowledged that while he initially sought joy in laughter, what he truly found was a deeper sense of peace, purpose, and gratitude. The Psalm 139 passage beautifully expressed his realization that God’s presence had been with him through every twist and turn guiding, protecting, and never leaving his side.

    As I look back on my own Capstone Project and the program as a whole, I can clearly see God’s hand at work especially during moments of doubt and exhaustion. There were times when I questioned my ability to finish, when balancing work, school, and life felt overwhelming. Yet, in those moments of “darkness,” I found unexpected strength, clarity, and reassurance. One of the most profound lessons I’ve learned is that God doesn’t just meet us in joy He’s also present in our struggle.

    Prayer of Thanksgiving:
    Heavenly Father, I thank You for walking with me through every step of this journey. Thank You for the strength You gave me when I felt weak, for the wisdom You placed in my heart, and for surrounding me with people who lifted me up. I praise You for every challenge, every lesson, and every joyful moment of growth. Lord, may I carry this knowledge and this faith into the next chapter of my life. Amen.

    ·
    [**6.1 12 Month's to Live**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5885442/View)

    Travis

    • Summarize key points from the documentary for this week.

    It's awesome that Dr. Dave had the means to travel in assisting with his self care and therapy to find his laugh again. His trip to Australia would be his last major travel in the documentary where he went to do his walkabout, serve and reflect on his journey. But I wonder where  Dr. Dave would have ended up without the means to travel.

    Anyhow, it was refreshing to see him reconnect with his mentor Dr. Joy back in the States. Dr. Joy is still very active and full of zest in his old age.

    • Write about one major aspect or point of the program and your project that you sensed God’s presence or leading. Consider how even the darkness may have been a part of God’s plan.

    For me, I almost quite the program which may come as a surprise to some, but I felt like giving up or at least hitting the pause button. I started this journey when everything in my life was shifting, career, home life, health etc. However in the stormy moments of doubt, I felt God nudging me to push through. I knew I had to keep forging ahead, stay in prayer and God would strengthen me and He did. Dreading a process or focusing on how long something will take to achieve can by a catalyst for giving up. I've been learning to embrace time, be patient because what other choice do we have anyway?

    • Take a moment to write a prayer of thanksgiving and celebration for all that you have accomplished in this program, for God’s hand of guidance, protection and grace.

    Father God, in the name of Jesus, I thank you once again for coming through for me. I thank you for leading me, and always showing me your face, when I need you most. I realize that after each triumph in life, there's always another boss that needs to be defeated and through Christ and I can slap them all silly! 😊 In Jesus name, amen!!

    I believe God has a sense of humor.

    **## 6.2Discussion.Responses.FinalProgramReflection.docx**

    **INSTRUCTIONS: Read and Respond to the three discussion posts (Ashley, Diamond and Travis.**

    ·
    [**6.2 Final Program Reflection-The Last Discussion**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5883344/View)

    Contains unread posts

    Ashley Bloom posted Apr 10, 2025 9:22 PM

    Subscribe

    Three Good Things

    1) Stamina and Overcoming Doubt-

            At the beginning of 2021, I was diagnosed with Lyme disease. I was treated very aggressively for almost three years before starting the MA in Psychology. I was beginning to feel better, have more energy, and less pain by the time I started the program. Had I not been treated so aggressively prior, I don’t think I would have made it through the program. I was worried about accomplishing a program like this while working full-time and juggling family responsibilities. I am so grateful for finding a fantastic doctor who thought outside the box and was willing to try anything. I would not be where I am without the help and guidance of my Lyme doctor. I am now nearing the end of this program, and I am so thankful I made it! I have been running on adrenaline for the last year, and it is starting to catch up with me.

            I think the program's format, being online, and having a predictable sequence of assignments every week helped ground me in my studies. It gave me a structure and routine. I also had some very positive and encouraging Professors early on who were instrumental in giving me confidence, especially Dr. Dunn, who was such a blessing. His faith in me—the thoughtful comments and feedback made a difference and gave me the strength to continue. It had been a long time since I was in school, and I had doubts about my ability and stamina, but Dr. Dunn had no doubts about me, and I am forever grateful for his kind soul.

    Mark 9:23, "Jesus said to him, If you can? Everything is possible for the one who believes" (Bible Gateway, n.d.).

    2) Outstanding Classmates and New Perspectives-

            When I started the program, I did not know how the cohort would be structured, whether I would be with the same students throughout the program, or whether every class would be different. How would interacting with other online students feel? Would it be like in-person schooling? Would I feel too disconnected? For the first ten months of the program, I was with many of the same students and developed a fondness for them. We had to post videos of ourselves doing mock life coaching sessions, and it was so touching to see my classmate’s videos. I was stunned by the quality of responses in our weekly discussion posts and knew I had to step up my game to compete. It motivated me to do better. I also learned more about Christianity from my classmates, as I did not grow up in religion. Most students seemed to be from the Midwest (I live in California), and I appreciated the different perspectives that people from other regions of the country bring. I loved my classmates' different ideas and viewpoints and am grateful to have been in this program. Their kind words, insightful comments, and perceptive feedback encouraged me.

    3) Appreciation and Reflection-

            I didn’t know much about positive psychology, but it sounded cool. I knew I wanted to learn about Psychology, but I also knew I didn’t want to take years and years to get my Master’s degree. I wanted something tangible, applicable to real life, and incorporating life coaching skills. I couldn’t have asked for a better program. Learning the principles of positive psychology along with biblical principles blended well together. I would say that I have a newfound appreciation for what makes for the good life and how to flourish. This program gave us the keys to the kingdom of happiness, which most people learn too late, if at all. Reflecting in a measured way was pivotal in shaping my mind and spirit in appreciation and living in gratitude for all that I’ve been through, all that I have, and all that is still left to experience. Reflecting on biblical principles gave me a new appreciation for how similar the words of Jesus are to the principles of positive psychology. I don’t think this is the end of my study of positive psychology. I am a lifelong learner and have always been a reader. I do admit that I need to rest and relax for a time. This is also the time to take pride in our accomplishments and savor the delicious feeling of a job well done.

    As Emerson wrote, "The reward of a thing well done, is to have done it" (The Walden Woods Project, 2025).

    **References**

    Bible Gateway. (n.d.).
    _Mark 9:22-24 Christian Standard Bible_. biblegateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%209%3A22-24&version=CSB

    The Walden Woods Project. (2025).
    _Fifty Quotations by Ralph Waldo Emerson_. walden.org.
    [https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/](https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/)

    I feel such a mix of emotions: gratitude, contentment, relief, pride, and a small amount of sadness as this program is coming to a close, and this is the last discussion. I wish everyone all the best, and may God continue to bless and keep you safe.

    _In gratitude and love,_

    _Ashley_

    ·

    [**Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5884085/View)

    Diamond

    Over the past 15 months in the MA in Psychology program there have been so many challenges, lessons, and moments of growth, but three things really stand out as major wins for me. The first was completing my Capstone Project. It felt like the most meaningful way to wrap up everything I’ve learned, and I poured my heart into it. What made it go well was the amount of support I had both from classmates and the professor. I also think it helped that I chose a topic I deeply care about which was helping recent college graduates transition into the workforce using positive psychology tools. Having a real sense of purpose behind the work kept me motivated and gave me clarity even when things felt overwhelming.

    The second thing that went well was finding my voice as a future psychologist. Early in the program, I was unsure about what direction I wanted to take with my career. I had an idea, but not a clear path. Through the different classes, reflections, and projects, I realized that I’m passionate about working with adolescents and helping them find their way through life using strengths-based interventions. What made this go well was being able to connect with my professors and peers, who asked the right questions and challenged me to think deeper. The feedback I received throughout the program gave me the confidence to stand firm in my goals.

    Lastly, I’m grateful for the community I found along the way. Being in an online program, I was a little nervous about feeling isolated. But that wasn’t the case at all. There were so many moments where someone’s discussion post, encouragement, or shared story made me feel seen and supported. What helped this go well was simply showing up as my authentic self. I didn’t try to overthink things I just tried to stay open and present. Because of that, I’ve built connections that I hope to carry with me beyond this program.

    Another thing that went well was rediscovering the strength of my faith throughout the program. There were times when I felt overwhelmed, uncertain, or emotionally drained, but anchoring myself in Scripture and prayer helped me push through. Several assignments gave me space to reflect on how biblical principles align with positive psychology, and that connection deepened my spirituality. What made this go well was giving myself permission to integrate my faith into my academic journey, rather than separating the two. It made the experience more meaningful and personal.

    Finally, I would say my personal growth outside of the courses was just as important as what I learned academically. Over the course of the program, I became more intentional about boundaries, rest, and self-compassion. I learned to give myself grace and recognize the progress I was making, even if it didn’t always feel big in the moment. This went well because I began to apply the very tools we studied like gratitude, mindfulness, and resilience into my daily life. That’s something I’ll take with me forever.

    ·
    [**No Hindsight Bias – Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5885573/View)

    Travis

    **Learning to Help myself and others**

    This program has taught me so much. It's shown me, things that I was already doing well in terms of positive psychology that I didn't even know existed or that their was a term for it, like having a growth mindset and being resilient etc.

    **Quitting My Job**

    The decision to leave my six-figure job was one of the most liberating choices I've ever made. It wasn't without hesitation or fear—I grappled with the risks and uncertainties that come with stepping away from financial security. However, the prospect of freedom and dedicating myself fully to my education ultimately outweighed those concerns. Leaving my job allowed me to shift my focus from merely "getting by" academically to truly immersing myself in the MA program. With fewer distractions and obligations, I could engage deeply with the material and push myself to excel in ways that wouldn't have been possible otherwise. This milestone was a testament to the importance of prioritizing growth over comfort—a choice that led to personal fulfillment and academic success.

    **Not Giving Up**

    The past 15 months have been a rollercoaster, filled with moments where quitting seemed like the easier path. However, I found strength in the very principles of positive psychology that I was studying. Concepts like resilience, optimism, and grit became more than academic theories; they became tools I used in real time to navigate challenges and persist in my studies. It's almost poetic how the very subject matter of the program contributed to my ability to complete it. Reflecting on this milestone, I realized that perseverance is not just about pushing through hard times; it's about finding meaning and hope in the journey itself.

    **Learning to Help Myself and Others**

    One of the most profound aspects of the program was the opportunity to learn about myself while gaining the tools to help others. I discovered that I had unknowingly been practicing positive psychology in my own life, with habits like maintaining a growth mindset and demonstrating resilience. Learning the formal concepts behind these practices gave me a greater appreciation for their impact and inspired me to apply them with more intention. Beyond personal growth, the program taught me how to effectively support others in their journeys toward mental and emotional well-being. This milestone represents the dual transformation of self-improvement and the ability to contribute positively to the lives of those around me.

    Bottom of Form

    /1

    **## 6.1Discussion.Responses.12MonthstoLive.docx**

    INSTRUCTIONS: Read and respond to the three discussion posts (Ashley, Diamond, and Travis).

    ·

    ·
    [**6.1 12 Months to Live-Thank-You**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5876885/View)

    Ashley

    **_Summarize key points from the documentary for this week_**

    This past weekend, I watched Dr. Dave’s video to put all the little clips together and make a complete story. I enjoyed the video in its entirety very much, and it made more sense altogether.

            In his final trek, Dr. Dave goes to Australia to work and takes time by the ocean to reflect on his yearlong “walkabout,” which he describes as a spontaneous journey through the wilderness in search of greater clarity and peace. He thought about his original goals: wander, write and record, and live in awe and wonder. He came to a mental, emotional, and spiritual place of peace, guided by love, beauty, and truth. Dr. Dave slowly but surely found his joy again.

            Once back in the States, Dr. Dave contacted his mentor, Dr. Joy, to discuss his journey and renewed perspective on life. Dr. Joy discussed the importance of integrating the pain and tragedies of life with our joy. Life doesn’t stop being joyful when there’s tragedy, just as life doesn’t stop being painful when there’s happiness. I love what Dr. Joy says about persevering and not giving up (to suicide) by incorporating the painful times with your emotional being. Thus, you can become an “unparalleled authority.” Someone who knows pain and heartbreak can more readily help someone else through it and offer hope.

            Dr. Dave finished out the video with his ‘dude night’ conversation. In it, his friend talks about how after his dad got divorced, he experienced a greater closeness and friendship with his father in a way he had not before. His friend had always wanted to have an adult friendship with his father, and it wasn’t possible until his father was broken. The friend’s dad observed that a broken heart is an open heart; sometimes, that’s what it takes to open.

    **_Write about one major aspect or point of the program and your project that you sensed God’s presence or leading. Consider how even the darkness may have been a part of God’s plan_**

            I can relate to Dr. Dave’s journey to find his joy again as I have a similar grief story. I have written about it extensively in this program and have been on my own “walkabout” and quest for joy for the past two years. A week ago marked the second anniversary of the death of my best friend and the love of my life. It’s still hard to wrap my mind around the fact that he’s gone; it was so sudden and very unexpected. Being able to write about my grief experience has helped me to process my feelings as Dr. Dave did in his video. I no longer feel I will never be happy, but I don’t know if I will ever love anyone like that again. We shall see. I know God has a plan for me, and I eagerly await what the future may bring.

    **_Take a moment to write a prayer of thanksgiving and celebration for all that you have accomplished in this program, for God’s hand of guidance, protection and grace_**

            I have felt God’s guiding hand and gentle whispers of encouragement to continue and finish this program. It’s been an incredible experience that is hard to describe. I am forever grateful and feel a surge of thankfulness, relief, and happiness, tinged with sadness, too; that’s its ending. I’m also not ending with my original cohort, and that’s a little bittersweet, but I want to say that this group has been outstanding and uplifting. You are exceptional scholars, and I loved what I’ve learned from you. I know you will do great things out there and be a shining example of what it means to live a good life of purpose, meaning, and joy.

    ·

    ·

    ·
    [**12 Months to Live**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5882314/View)

    Diamond

    This week’s final segment of Dr. Dave and the Girl Who Couldn’t Laugh was a powerful conclusion to an incredible journey. Dr. Dave’s reflections on reconnecting with mentors, honoring his progress, and seeing the hand of God in even the darkest moments deeply resonated with me. The most moving part was when he acknowledged that while he initially sought joy in laughter, what he truly found was a deeper sense of peace, purpose, and gratitude. The Psalm 139 passage beautifully expressed his realization that God’s presence had been with him through every twist and turn guiding, protecting, and never leaving his side.

    As I look back on my own Capstone Project and the program as a whole, I can clearly see God’s hand at work especially during moments of doubt and exhaustion. There were times when I questioned my ability to finish, when balancing work, school, and life felt overwhelming. Yet, in those moments of “darkness,” I found unexpected strength, clarity, and reassurance. One of the most profound lessons I’ve learned is that God doesn’t just meet us in joy He’s also present in our struggle.

    Prayer of Thanksgiving:
    Heavenly Father, I thank You for walking with me through every step of this journey. Thank You for the strength You gave me when I felt weak, for the wisdom You placed in my heart, and for surrounding me with people who lifted me up. I praise You for every challenge, every lesson, and every joyful moment of growth. Lord, may I carry this knowledge and this faith into the next chapter of my life. Amen.

    ·
    [**6.1 12 Month's to Live**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5885442/View)

    Travis

    • Summarize key points from the documentary for this week.

    It's awesome that Dr. Dave had the means to travel in assisting with his self care and therapy to find his laugh again. His trip to Australia would be his last major travel in the documentary where he went to do his walkabout, serve and reflect on his journey. But I wonder where  Dr. Dave would have ended up without the means to travel.

    Anyhow, it was refreshing to see him reconnect with his mentor Dr. Joy back in the States. Dr. Joy is still very active and full of zest in his old age.

    • Write about one major aspect or point of the program and your project that you sensed God’s presence or leading. Consider how even the darkness may have been a part of God’s plan.

    For me, I almost quite the program which may come as a surprise to some, but I felt like giving up or at least hitting the pause button. I started this journey when everything in my life was shifting, career, home life, health etc. However in the stormy moments of doubt, I felt God nudging me to push through. I knew I had to keep forging ahead, stay in prayer and God would strengthen me and He did. Dreading a process or focusing on how long something will take to achieve can by a catalyst for giving up. I've been learning to embrace time, be patient because what other choice do we have anyway?

    • Take a moment to write a prayer of thanksgiving and celebration for all that you have accomplished in this program, for God’s hand of guidance, protection and grace.

    Father God, in the name of Jesus, I thank you once again for coming through for me. I thank you for leading me, and always showing me your face, when I need you most. I realize that after each triumph in life, there's always another boss that needs to be defeated and through Christ and I can slap them all silly! 😊 In Jesus name, amen!!

    I believe God has a sense of humor.

    **## 6.2Discussion.Responses.FinalProgramReflection.docx**

    **INSTRUCTIONS: Read and Respond to the three discussion posts (Ashley, Diamond and Travis.**

    ·
    [**6.2 Final Program Reflection-The Last Discussion**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5883344/View)

    Contains unread posts

    Ashley Bloom posted Apr 10, 2025 9:22 PM

    Subscribe

    Three Good Things

    1) Stamina and Overcoming Doubt-

            At the beginning of 2021, I was diagnosed with Lyme disease. I was treated very aggressively for almost three years before starting the MA in Psychology. I was beginning to feel better, have more energy, and less pain by the time I started the program. Had I not been treated so aggressively prior, I don’t think I would have made it through the program. I was worried about accomplishing a program like this while working full-time and juggling family responsibilities. I am so grateful for finding a fantastic doctor who thought outside the box and was willing to try anything. I would not be where I am without the help and guidance of my Lyme doctor. I am now nearing the end of this program, and I am so thankful I made it! I have been running on adrenaline for the last year, and it is starting to catch up with me.

            I think the program's format, being online, and having a predictable sequence of assignments every week helped ground me in my studies. It gave me a structure and routine. I also had some very positive and encouraging Professors early on who were instrumental in giving me confidence, especially Dr. Dunn, who was such a blessing. His faith in me—the thoughtful comments and feedback made a difference and gave me the strength to continue. It had been a long time since I was in school, and I had doubts about my ability and stamina, but Dr. Dunn had no doubts about me, and I am forever grateful for his kind soul.

    Mark 9:23, "Jesus said to him, If you can? Everything is possible for the one who believes" (Bible Gateway, n.d.).

    2) Outstanding Classmates and New Perspectives-

            When I started the program, I did not know how the cohort would be structured, whether I would be with the same students throughout the program, or whether every class would be different. How would interacting with other online students feel? Would it be like in-person schooling? Would I feel too disconnected? For the first ten months of the program, I was with many of the same students and developed a fondness for them. We had to post videos of ourselves doing mock life coaching sessions, and it was so touching to see my classmate’s videos. I was stunned by the quality of responses in our weekly discussion posts and knew I had to step up my game to compete. It motivated me to do better. I also learned more about Christianity from my classmates, as I did not grow up in religion. Most students seemed to be from the Midwest (I live in California), and I appreciated the different perspectives that people from other regions of the country bring. I loved my classmates' different ideas and viewpoints and am grateful to have been in this program. Their kind words, insightful comments, and perceptive feedback encouraged me.

    3) Appreciation and Reflection-

            I didn’t know much about positive psychology, but it sounded cool. I knew I wanted to learn about Psychology, but I also knew I didn’t want to take years and years to get my Master’s degree. I wanted something tangible, applicable to real life, and incorporating life coaching skills. I couldn’t have asked for a better program. Learning the principles of positive psychology along with biblical principles blended well together. I would say that I have a newfound appreciation for what makes for the good life and how to flourish. This program gave us the keys to the kingdom of happiness, which most people learn too late, if at all. Reflecting in a measured way was pivotal in shaping my mind and spirit in appreciation and living in gratitude for all that I’ve been through, all that I have, and all that is still left to experience. Reflecting on biblical principles gave me a new appreciation for how similar the words of Jesus are to the principles of positive psychology. I don’t think this is the end of my study of positive psychology. I am a lifelong learner and have always been a reader. I do admit that I need to rest and relax for a time. This is also the time to take pride in our accomplishments and savor the delicious feeling of a job well done.

    As Emerson wrote, "The reward of a thing well done, is to have done it" (The Walden Woods Project, 2025).

    **References**

    Bible Gateway. (n.d.).
    _Mark 9:22-24 Christian Standard Bible_. biblegateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%209%3A22-24&version=CSB

    The Walden Woods Project. (2025).
    _Fifty Quotations by Ralph Waldo Emerson_. walden.org.
    [https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/](https://www.walden.org/50-quotations-by-ralph-waldo-emerson/)

    I feel such a mix of emotions: gratitude, contentment, relief, pride, and a small amount of sadness as this program is coming to a close, and this is the last discussion. I wish everyone all the best, and may God continue to bless and keep you safe.

    _In gratitude and love,_

    _Ashley_

    ·

    [**Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5884085/View)

    Diamond

    Over the past 15 months in the MA in Psychology program there have been so many challenges, lessons, and moments of growth, but three things really stand out as major wins for me. The first was completing my Capstone Project. It felt like the most meaningful way to wrap up everything I’ve learned, and I poured my heart into it. What made it go well was the amount of support I had both from classmates and the professor. I also think it helped that I chose a topic I deeply care about which was helping recent college graduates transition into the workforce using positive psychology tools. Having a real sense of purpose behind the work kept me motivated and gave me clarity even when things felt overwhelming.

    The second thing that went well was finding my voice as a future psychologist. Early in the program, I was unsure about what direction I wanted to take with my career. I had an idea, but not a clear path. Through the different classes, reflections, and projects, I realized that I’m passionate about working with adolescents and helping them find their way through life using strengths-based interventions. What made this go well was being able to connect with my professors and peers, who asked the right questions and challenged me to think deeper. The feedback I received throughout the program gave me the confidence to stand firm in my goals.

    Lastly, I’m grateful for the community I found along the way. Being in an online program, I was a little nervous about feeling isolated. But that wasn’t the case at all. There were so many moments where someone’s discussion post, encouragement, or shared story made me feel seen and supported. What helped this go well was simply showing up as my authentic self. I didn’t try to overthink things I just tried to stay open and present. Because of that, I’ve built connections that I hope to carry with me beyond this program.

    Another thing that went well was rediscovering the strength of my faith throughout the program. There were times when I felt overwhelmed, uncertain, or emotionally drained, but anchoring myself in Scripture and prayer helped me push through. Several assignments gave me space to reflect on how biblical principles align with positive psychology, and that connection deepened my spirituality. What made this go well was giving myself permission to integrate my faith into my academic journey, rather than separating the two. It made the experience more meaningful and personal.

    Finally, I would say my personal growth outside of the courses was just as important as what I learned academically. Over the course of the program, I became more intentional about boundaries, rest, and self-compassion. I learned to give myself grace and recognize the progress I was making, even if it didn’t always feel big in the moment. This went well because I began to apply the very tools we studied like gratitude, mindfulness, and resilience into my daily life. That’s something I’ll take with me forever.

    ·
    [**No Hindsight Bias – Final Program Reflection**](https://brightspace.indwes.edu/d2l/le/262083/discussions/threads/5885573/View)

    Travis

    **Learning to Help myself and others**

    This program has taught me so much. It's shown me, things that I was already doing well in terms of positive psychology that I didn't even know existed or that their was a term for it, like having a growth mindset and being resilient etc.

    **Quitting My Job**

    The decision to leave my six-figure job was one of the most liberating choices I've ever made. It wasn't without hesitation or fear—I grappled with the risks and uncertainties that come with stepping away from financial security. However, the prospect of freedom and dedicating myself fully to my education ultimately outweighed those concerns. Leaving my job allowed me to shift my focus from merely "getting by" academically to truly immersing myself in the MA program. With fewer distractions and obligations, I could engage deeply with the material and push myself to excel in ways that wouldn't have been possible otherwise. This milestone was a testament to the importance of prioritizing growth over comfort—a choice that led to personal fulfillment and academic success.

    **Not Giving Up**

    The past 15 months have been a rollercoaster, filled with moments where quitting seemed like the easier path. However, I found strength in the very principles of positive psychology that I was studying. Concepts like resilience, optimism, and grit became more than academic theories; they became tools I used in real time to navigate challenges and persist in my studies. It's almost poetic how the very subject matter of the program contributed to my ability to complete it. Reflecting on this milestone, I realized that perseverance is not just about pushing through hard times; it's about finding meaning and hope in the journey itself.

    **Learning to Help Myself and Others**

    One of the most profound aspects of the program was the opportunity to learn about myself while gaining the tools to help others. I discovered that I had unknowingly been practicing positive psychology in my own life, with habits like maintaining a growth mindset and demonstrating resilience. Learning the formal concepts behind these practices gave me a greater appreciation for their impact and inspired me to apply them with more intention. Beyond personal growth, the program taught me how to effectively support others in their journeys toward mental and emotional well-being. This milestone represents the dual transformation of self-improvement and the ability to contribute positively to the lives of those around me.

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    – 2 years ago **files (1)** – ## POLIWEEK6.docx **## POLIWEEK6.docx** Instructions In Part I this week, choose a Federal Supreme Court case that originated in your state that involves civil rights or civil liberties that was heard by the United States Supreme Court, and a decision was rendered. If y…

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    – 2 years ago

    **files (1)**

    – ## POLIWEEK6.docx

    **## POLIWEEK6.docx**

    Instructions

    In Part I this week, choose a Federal Supreme Court case that originated in your state that involves civil rights or civil liberties that was heard by the United States Supreme Court, and a decision was rendered. If your state does not have a case that was decided by the United States Supreme Court, choose a civil rights case from another state for which the United States Supreme Court issued a decision.

    Here is a brief description of civil rights and civil liberties: Civil rights refers to equal social opportunities under the law. It gives you these freedoms, such as the right to vote, the right to public education, or a fair trial, among other things, regardless of your wealth or race. Civil liberties mean freedom of religion, equal treatment and due process under the law, and the right to privacy.

    You should be able to go online and look up your state and famous cases decided by the Supreme Court. For example, Brown v Board of Education (1951) started in Topeka, Kansas, and ended up in the Supreme Court of the United States. Another example would be Calvary Chapel Dayton Valley v Steve Sisolak, Governor of Nevada (2020), which started in Nevada and ended up in the United States Supreme Court. A good source of information about cases decided by the United States Supreme Court is www.scotusblog.com, www.justia.com, or www.oyez.org.

    Some other examples of cases include
    _Lau v Nichols, Tinker v Des Moines Independent Community School District, Terry v Ohio, Regents of California v Bakke, Schenck v United States, Plessy v Ferguson, Shelley v Kraemer, Texas v Johnson, Ysleta del Sur Pueblo v Texas, Korematsu v United States, Obergefell v Hodges, Laird v Tatum and Loving v Virginia._

    Other sources can be researched online using search terms for “civil rights cases decided by the U.S. Supreme Court.” Be sure to use a case
    actually decided by the United States Supreme Court, and not a case decided by your state’s supreme court or a different court. A case that is still pending before the United States Supreme Court should
    **not** be used. If you are unsure, please contact your Professor
    **BEFORE** you pick your case and submit the assignment
    as this is a significant part of your overall grade.

    Research your court case and write an outline of the case that you will be using to prepare a presentation, which will either be a narrated PowerPoint, a Kaltura Video, or some other format as approved by your instructor.
    **If you are unsure, then verify the presentation format with your instructor before starting work on this assignment.**

    This week's assignment should include (a) summary of the case; (b) a case outline; and a summary.

    **Summary of the Case**

    In one or two paragraphs, provide a general overview of the case that serves as a snapshot of what the case is about and how it ended up in your state high court. A summary is using your words to write a brief history of the case. Do not give your opinion or your interpretation but stick to the facts only.

    **Case Outline**

    Your court case outline should include:

    Title: Name of the case

    Facts of the case: Provide key facts involving the case.

    History of the case: What legal action was taken based on what your state laws say about this case?

    Legal questions: What were the legal issues the court had to decide?

    Decision or holdings: Did the court decide for the plaintiff or the defendant? Explain the reason behind the decision?

    Verdict and opinion (judgement): What were the concurring and dissenting opinions? How many judges decided for the defendant and how many justices decided against the defendant? What was the final verdict from the judge or the jury, if it was a jury trial?

    **Conclusion**:

    What was the resulting impact of the ruling? How did the citizens of your state benefit from it? Was this a good decision?

    TEXTBOOK

    Title: The Struggle for Democracy, 2018 Elections and Updates Edition Revel Access Code

    Authors: EDWARD S. GREENBERG, Benjamin I. Page

    Publisher: Pearson

    Publication Date: 2018-12-31

    Edition: 12th

    **APA Reference**

    Greenberg, E. S & Page, B. I. (2018).
    _The Struggle for Democracy, 2018 Elections and Updates Edition._(12th ed.). Pearson.

    · Minimum of 2 scholarly sources in addition to the textbook.

    **## POLIWEEK6.docx**

    Instructions

    In Part I this week, choose a Federal Supreme Court case that originated in your state that involves civil rights or civil liberties that was heard by the United States Supreme Court, and a decision was rendered. If your state does not have a case that was decided by the United States Supreme Court, choose a civil rights case from another state for which the United States Supreme Court issued a decision.

    Here is a brief description of civil rights and civil liberties: Civil rights refers to equal social opportunities under the law. It gives you these freedoms, such as the right to vote, the right to public education, or a fair trial, among other things, regardless of your wealth or race. Civil liberties mean freedom of religion, equal treatment and due process under the law, and the right to privacy.

    You should be able to go online and look up your state and famous cases decided by the Supreme Court. For example, Brown v Board of Education (1951) started in Topeka, Kansas, and ended up in the Supreme Court of the United States. Another example would be Calvary Chapel Dayton Valley v Steve Sisolak, Governor of Nevada (2020), which started in Nevada and ended up in the United States Supreme Court. A good source of information about cases decided by the United States Supreme Court is www.scotusblog.com, www.justia.com, or www.oyez.org.

    Some other examples of cases include
    _Lau v Nichols, Tinker v Des Moines Independent Community School District, Terry v Ohio, Regents of California v Bakke, Schenck v United States, Plessy v Ferguson, Shelley v Kraemer, Texas v Johnson, Ysleta del Sur Pueblo v Texas, Korematsu v United States, Obergefell v Hodges, Laird v Tatum and Loving v Virginia._

    Other sources can be researched online using search terms for “civil rights cases decided by the U.S. Supreme Court.” Be sure to use a case
    actually decided by the United States Supreme Court, and not a case decided by your state’s supreme court or a different court. A case that is still pending before the United States Supreme Court should
    **not** be used. If you are unsure, please contact your Professor
    **BEFORE** you pick your case and submit the assignment
    as this is a significant part of your overall grade.

    Research your court case and write an outline of the case that you will be using to prepare a presentation, which will either be a narrated PowerPoint, a Kaltura Video, or some other format as approved by your instructor.
    **If you are unsure, then verify the presentation format with your instructor before starting work on this assignment.**

    This week's assignment should include (a) summary of the case; (b) a case outline; and a summary.

    **Summary of the Case**

    In one or two paragraphs, provide a general overview of the case that serves as a snapshot of what the case is about and how it ended up in your state high court. A summary is using your words to write a brief history of the case. Do not give your opinion or your interpretation but stick to the facts only.

    **Case Outline**

    Your court case outline should include:

    Title: Name of the case

    Facts of the case: Provide key facts involving the case.

    History of the case: What legal action was taken based on what your state laws say about this case?

    Legal questions: What were the legal issues the court had to decide?

    Decision or holdings: Did the court decide for the plaintiff or the defendant? Explain the reason behind the decision?

    Verdict and opinion (judgement): What were the concurring and dissenting opinions? How many judges decided for the defendant and how many justices decided against the defendant? What was the final verdict from the judge or the jury, if it was a jury trial?

    **Conclusion**:

    What was the resulting impact of the ruling? How did the citizens of your state benefit from it? Was this a good decision?

    TEXTBOOK

    Title: The Struggle for Democracy, 2018 Elections and Updates Edition Revel Access Code

    Authors: EDWARD S. GREENBERG, Benjamin I. Page

    Publisher: Pearson

    Publication Date: 2018-12-31

    Edition: 12th

    **APA Reference**

    Greenberg, E. S & Page, B. I. (2018).
    _The Struggle for Democracy, 2018 Elections and Updates Edition._(12th ed.). Pearson.

    · Minimum of 2 scholarly sources in addition to the textbook.

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    Part four of understanding physics – 2 years ago

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    Part four of understanding physics

    – 2 years ago

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    Write an paper of 7-8 paragraphs and record a 4-6 minute speech based on your parahraphs . Your paragraphs and recording should relate sociological principles to the essential learning outcomes and your own personal and professional life, and identify a sociological research question based on your e…

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    Write an paper of 7-8 paragraphs and record a 4-6 minute speech based on your parahraphs . Your paragraphs  and recording should relate sociological principles to the essential learning outcomes and your own personal and professional life, and identify a sociological research question based on your experiences.

    First, write your paragraph using The Story of You Template [DOCX] (uploaded below).  Download The Story of You Template [DOCX], and then record the speech. You will submit two files (your Word document and your audio or audiovisual file). Complete the following steps:

    Describe three sociological concepts or theories that connect to your personal or professional life.

    Following the template, include an introduction (one paragraph) in which you identify these concepts and theories in boldface. Your introduction should also include a clear thesis statement (the main idea of your speech).

    You can choose to relate these concepts and theories to your personal life (your experiences in your family, neighborhood, or schools you attended, for example) or to your career.

    Explain how sociological concepts or theories connect to your personal or professional life.

    Following the template, write one paragraph for each concept or theory (three paragraphs total), applying the concepts or theories to your experiences or observations.

    Include examples from your personal or professional life to illustrate each concept or theory.

    Relate sociological concepts or theories to essential learning outcomes.

    Following the template, explain (in one or two paragraphs) how an understanding of one or more of the sociological concepts or theories you have discussed can help you improve your ability to collaborate with others and further develop one or more of the three essential learning outcomes: personal and social responsibility, problem solving, and relationship building.

    Use evidence from the course materials or other sources to support your points.

    Identify a sociological research question based on your observations or experiences.

    Following the template, include a sociological research question that is based on your story and reflects something you are interested in learning more about. For example, if you wrote about some of the challenges you faced in the education system, your research question might be: What programs or policies have been found to improve the quality of K–12 education in impoverished areas? If you wrote about your frustration with groupthink in the workplace, your question could be: What are the best strategies for reducing the negative aspects of groupthink in today's workplace?

    Describe how you would use the scientific method to study your proposed research question.

    Following the template, write a paragraph in which you discuss steps you would take to answer your research question, based on your understanding of the scientific method.

    Following the template, include a conclusion that sums up what you have learned and/or what your audience has learned about you.

    Demonstrate effective audio presentation skills.

    Use Kaltura to record an audio file to accompany your paper. You also have the option to record a video (with audio) if you prefer. Refer to Using Kaltura if you need help using this courseroom tool.

    In your recording, include the following elements:

    Name the three concepts or theories you focused on, with an example of how you applied one of them to your personal or professional life

    Describe how your understanding of one of these concepts or theories can help you improve or develop one of the skills you explored in this course (problem solving, personal and social responsibility, and relationship building).

    Discuss the research question you chose and your ideas for how to answer that question.

    Write in a well-organized and concise manner that adheres to the rules of grammar, usage, and mechanics.

    Your template submission should meet the following requirements:

    – **Written communication**: Written communication should be free of errors that detract from the overall message.
    – **References**: A minimum of two references are required. Additional course resources can also be used, or you can search for an additional source via the Capella library or Internet search.
    – **Citations**: Properly cite any sources used on both your reference page and within your typed script. Review [Evidence and APA](https://campustools.capella.edu/redirect.aspx?linkid=1540 "Select this link to launch this material in a new window.") for more information on how to cite your sources.
    – **Length of paper**: 7–8 paragraphs total plus your research question.
    – **Length of audio**: 4–6 minutes.

    – [\
    \
    cf_the_story_of_you_template_FP.docx](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/cf-the-story-of-you-template-fp-docx "cf_the_story_of_you_template_FP.docx")

    – 2 years ago

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    The paper should be organized into the following sections: TOPIC IS CYSTIC FIBROSIS 1. **Introduction** (Identification of the problem) with a clear presentation of the problem as well as the significance and a scholarly overview of the paper’s content. No heading is used for the Introduction per AP…

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    The paper should be organized into the following sections:

    TOPIC IS CYSTIC FIBROSIS

    1. **Introduction** (Identification of the problem) with a clear presentation of the problem as well as the significance and a scholarly overview of the paper’s content. No heading is used for the Introduction per APA's current edition.
    2. **Background and Significance** of the disease, including:  Definition, description, signs, and symptoms.  Incidence and prevalence of statistics IN FLORIDA with a comparison to national statistics pertaining to the disease.  If after a search of the library and scholarly databases, you are unable to find statistics for FLORIDA or other states, consider this a gap in the data and state as much in the body of the paper. For instance, you may state something like, “After an exhausting search of the scholarly databases, this writer is unable to locate incidence and/or prevalence data for the state of ….  This indicates a gap in surveillance that will be included in the “Plan” section of this paper. Provide a table of this data in this section- Place as an appendix.
    3. **Surveillance and Reporting**: Current surveillance methods and mandated reporting processes as related to the health condition chosen should be specific.
    4. **Epidemiological Analysis:**  Conduct a descriptive epidemiology analysis of the health condition. Be sure to include all of the 5 W’s:  What, Who, Where, When, Why.  Use details associated with all of the W’s, such as the “Who” which should include an analysis of the determinants of health.  Include costs (both financial and social) associated with the disease or problem.
    5. **Screening and Guidelines**:  Review how the disease is diagnosed and current national standards (guidelines).  Pick one screening test and review its sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and cost.
    6. **Plan:**  Integrating evidence, provide a plan of how you as a women’s health nurse practitioner will address this chronic health condition after graduation.  Provide three specific interventions that are based on the evidence and include how you will measure outcomes (how will you know that the interventions have utility, and are useful?)  Note:  Consider primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions as well as the integration of health policy advocacy efforts.  All interventions should be based on evidence – connected to a resource such as a scholarly piece of research.
    7. **Summary/Conclusion:** Conclude in a clear manner with a brief overview of the key points from each section of the paper utilizing the integration of resources.
    8. The paper should be formatted and organized into sections that focus on the chosen chronic health condition.
    9. Adhere to all paper preparation guidelines

    Scholarly Paper Guidelines:

    – Page length: 8, excluding title page and references.
    – APA format current edition
    – Include scholarly in-text references throughout and a reference list.
    – Include at least one table that the student creates to present information. Please refer to the “Requirements” or rubric for further details.  APA formatting is required.

    – 2 years ago

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    **Notes: 2 different questions, different course, used book references, too.** **TEXTBOOK(S) AND REQUIRED MATERIALS:** **Title: Introduction to Research Methods: A Hands-On Approach** **Author: Pajo, Bora** **Publisher: SAGE Vantage** **Year Published: 2023** **Edition: 2nd ISBN: 19781544391724 (ele…

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    **Notes: 2 different questions, different course, used book references, too.**

    **TEXTBOOK(S) AND REQUIRED MATERIALS:**

    **Title: Introduction to Research Methods: A Hands-On Approach**

    **Author: Pajo, Bora**

    **Publisher: SAGE Vantage**

    **Year Published: 2023**

    **Edition: 2nd ISBN: 19781544391724 (electronic) 9781544391700 (paperback)**

    **Q.1 Chapter 4**

    You are a graduate student in psychology conducting a research study on the potential benefits of mindfulness meditation in reducing stress levels among college students. You believe that mindfulness meditation practices, if introduced regularly, can lead to decreased stress. You are conducting an experiment to test this hypothesis.  Identify the following and discuss:

    • What is your independent variable?

    • What is your dependent variable?

    • What is your null hypothesis?

    • What is your alternative hypothesis?

    • What are some ethical considerations related to conducting this study? How will you address any ethical considerations?

    **Q.2(write in 200 words or more) with references,APa style**

    John Gottman identified dangerous or damaging communication issues known as the “ [four horsemen of the apocalypse](https://moodle.amberton.edu/mod/url/view.php?id=25163 "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse").”  Identify and describe the four horsemen, which are problematic issues that affect communication.  Provide examples of how you have used the four horsemen when communicating with others.

    **TEXTBOOK(S) AND REQUIRED MATERIALS:**

    **Title: The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationships In A Changing Society**

    **Author: Theodore F. Cohen and Bryan Strong**

    **Publisher: Cengage Learning**

    **Year Published: 2021**

    **Edition: 14th ISBN: 13: 9780357378229**

    – [\
    \
    Chapter4.pptx](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/chapter4-pptx-10259093 "Chapter4.pptx")

    – 2 years ago

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    need A1 check – 2 years ago **files (2)** – ## 355.html – ## BSN355HALLMARK-ROUGHDRAFT-GoogleDocs.html **## 355.html** **## BSN355HALLMARK-ROUGHDRAFT-GoogleDocs.html** **## BSN355HALLMARK-ROUGHDRAFT-GoogleDocs.html** **## 355.html** **## BSN355HALLMARK-ROUGHDRAFT-GoogleDocs.html** **## 355.html** **…

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    I need your help – 2 years ago **files (2)** – ## JWI505Week1LectureNotes.pdf – BusinessCommunication.jpeg **## JWI505Week1LectureNotes.pdf** JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence Week 1 Lecture Notes © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer Univers…

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    – 2 years ago

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    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 1 of 6

    Executive Presence (Part I)

    What It Means

    In JWI 510: Leadership in the 21st Century, you learned that leaders aren’t just born. Some
    traits, like energy and passion, are innate qualities for natural-born leaders. But if you can
    master the ability to make tough calls and execute, you can become a great leader. The same
    principle holds true for communicators: you do not have to be a brilliant orator or a literary
    genius. You can be a terrific communicator if you hone the skills and tools you need.

    Superb writing skills and natural charisma are obviously useful assets. But when it comes to
    business communications, perhaps no quality is as important as a strong executive presence.
    Everyone you interact with must feel that they can trust you, that you know what you are
    talking about, and that you will excel at your job. You have likely heard countless bosses and
    CEOs talk about how important executive presence is for success as a leader. However, how
    many times have you heard someone tell you just what exactly executive presence is?

    In this lecture, we will define it, identify the key elements and characteristics of a strong
    executive presence, and understand its role in business leadership.

    Why It Matters

    • An understanding of executive presence lays the foundation for you to develop your
    own leadership persona.

    • Executive presence plays a major role in determining levels of responsibility in a
    company.

    • A strong executive presence at work helps shape your conduct in your daily life.

    “The opportunities you gain access to depend on the confidence you’ve inspired in the
    decision makers.”

    Gerry Valentine

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 2 of 6

    What Is Executive Presence?

    Jack once said that, at its core, executive presence is “being able to express yourself clearly
    and concisely, self-confidently.”1 Executive coach Gerry Valentine defines executive presence
    as “your ability to inspire confidence.”2 Sylvia Ann Hewlett, the founder of the Center for
    Talent Innovation, calls it a blend of gravitas, communication, and appearance.3 Not
    surprisingly, there is no single, universally agreed-upon definition. People can generally agree
    on what executive presence entails, but not necessarily what it is. It can be an abstract
    concept that does not lend itself to an easy definition. To paraphrase former United States
    Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart, people just “know it when they see it.”

    For our purposes, we can combine all of these viewpoints and ideas into one coherent
    definition. Executive presence is your ability to project confidence, communicate clearly, and
    convince others that you have authority. To use Jack’s expression, it is a key component of
    your fingerprint. Your ability to express yourself straightforwardly and persuasively is critical to
    your effectiveness in your career.

    At the core of our definition of executive presence are four elements. For the sake of
    simplicity, we will call these the two As and two Cs:

    • Authenticity
    • Attentiveness
    • Credibility
    • Confidence

    1 “Importance of Executive Presence,” winning., September 4, 2019,
    https://jackwelch.strayer.edu/winning/importance-of-executive-presence/.
    2 Gerry Valentine, “Executive Presence: What Is It, Why You Need It and How to Get It,” Forbes, July 31, 2018,
    https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescoachescouncil/2018/07/31/executive-presence-what-is-it-why-you-need-it-and-
    how-to-get-it/#7ca1dc456bc7.
    3 “Sylvia Ann Hewlett’s ‘Executive Presence’ Demystifies the Overlooked Trait That’s Essential to Climbing the
    Career Ladder,” Center for Talent Innovation, n.d., https://www.talentinnovation.org/_private/assets/EP-book-
    pressrelease-final.pdf.

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 3 of 6

    Authenticity

    Have you ever heard a speech or talk from an authority figure, and felt the sneaking suspicion
    that they were withholding something from you? Many would-be business leaders operate
    within layers of pretense. They say what they think people want to hear instead of what they
    really think. Consciously or subconsciously, they refrain from being forthright and honest;
    doing so is messy and can make them uncomfortable. This mindset demonstrates a complete
    lack of authenticity.

    Authenticity is how earnest, honest, and genuine you seem to others. It is shedding pretense
    to be realistically yourself when you communicate. It means being candid and truthful with
    everyone you interact with, whether they are your boss, your customer, or your direct report.
    Only when you do that can you inspire trust and confidence from your audience.

    What authenticity is not is copying the mannerisms and conduct of other people. Other
    leaders make great role models, but you cannot copy someone else and be authentic.
    Authenticity is also not about having all of the answers to a problem. Effective leaders
    acknowledge their shortcomings or knowledge gaps. As Jack said, you should be comfortable
    not being the smartest person in the room. If you do not know something, admitting that is
    sincere, dignified, and professional.

    Attentiveness

    Have you ever had a boss or coworker you dreaded talking to, someone who always made
    you feel as if you were inconveniencing them? What about a boss or coworker who always
    seemed to be busy with other tasks and assignments when you really needed help with
    yours? Working with such people is difficult because they are impatient and unwilling to share
    their time. Their attitude hinders their communication skills and, as a result, undermines their
    leadership skills.

    Being attentive in your interactions at work seems like a straightforward task, but it is
    surprisingly difficult in practice. We think being productive means multitasking and juggling all
    of our assignments at the same time. Think about how many times you have been having a
    face-to-face conversation with someone, and one of you takes out their phone to read an
    email or a text message. This dynamic makes it hard to be attentive to your colleagues and

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 4 of 6

    customers, and it prevents you from being truly present. It demonstrates that you are not
    engaged with your listener.

    Being present with someone means giving them your undivided attention. You have to treat
    them as if they are the most important person in the world at that moment. Also, make sure
    you pick up on their nonverbal cues. If you are in a meeting and one of your colleagues
    seems uneasy, they may be anxious about how their input will be received. Find a way to
    elicit information from them in a manner that makes them feel comfortable and heard.

    When he was named CEO of United Parcel Services (UPS) in 2014, David Abney had been
    working at the company for four decades. He understood the insights that employees can
    make, regardless of their job title. So, in one of his first acts as CEO, Abney went on a global
    listening tour where he asked both customers and employees about the company’s future and
    priorities. Whenever he tours company facilities, Abney purposely seeks out and talks to
    those employees who are not smiling. Even though he has a qualified leadership team, Abney
    listens to employees and gives them voice and dignity.

    Credibility

    Being credible means convincing your audience – the recipients of your communication – that
    your message is worth listening to. When you begin delivering a message, your listeners will
    always have a series of unstated questions in the back of their minds. Do you know what you
    are talking about? How much research have you done? Do you take this subject seriously?
    Do you care about your message? Do you care about us? Perhaps most importantly, why
    should we trust you?

    It is easy for people like David Abney to assert their credibility; they have been with their
    organizations for decades and are considered experts in their fields. If you are starting at a
    new job, on the other hand, your colleagues will not know much about you; they cannot draw
    from a shared history with you. To establish your credibility, you need to take a good look at
    how you present yourself. Appearance plays a big role in demonstrating that you take your
    listeners seriously. There is a reason nobody wears a tuxedo to a job interview. In your verbal
    communication, you obviously cannot list your credentials in every conversation you have.
    Instead, take the time to think through your message. Do not make broad claims if you cannot
    readily support them. Above all else, do not say something that is not true.

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 5 of 6

    When she took over operations for The Washington Post in 1963, Katharine Graham faced
    daunting hurdles. Even though she had years of experience in newspaper publishing, few of
    her predominantly male colleagues seemed to take her seriously. Graham built up her
    credibility in two ways. First, she surrounded herself with experts. She frequently talked to
    Warren Buffett for financial insights, and she hired seasoned journalist Ben Bradlee as the
    paper’s executive editor. Second, she made principled judgments, such as the decision to
    publish the Pentagon Papers. Her sense of journalistic integrity bolstered her credibility. She
    was the first woman to be CEO of a Fortune 500 company, and she demonstrated her right to
    be taken seriously.

    Confidence

    Countless studies have shown that public speaking terrifies many people. It can be
    intimidating to stand in front of your colleagues or your boss, wondering how they will respond
    to your ideas. And you know that listening to a poor presentation is just as challenging. If the
    speaker goes off on tangents, or mumbles, it is nearly impossible for you to connect with
    them. In the end, the speaker does not deliver an effective message and the audience feels
    isolated. More often than not, this can be attributed to the speaker’s lack of confidence.

    Of all of the attributes of executive presence, confidence is the easiest one to just “know it
    when you see it.” In concrete terms, it means making eye contact with your listeners. It means
    speaking loudly and clearly, all while sticking to the point. When it comes to writing, it means
    avoiding phrases like “it could be” or “I wonder if,” which suggest that you are unsure of your
    message. To paraphrase Gerry Valentine, when you exhibit confidence, your subordinates
    should know you are the leader they want to follow. Your peers should know that you are
    capable and reliable. And your senior leaders should know you have the potential for great
    achievements.4

    To be clear, being confident does not mean you never second-guess yourself. You should be
    open to new information and opinions. Jeff Bezos, for instance, felt very confident about
    launching Amazon Auctions, which was meant to compete with eBay. But when early data
    showed the venture would not be too successful, he abandoned it. Confidence also does not
    mean being the loudest voice in the room. Often, people who dominate conversations do not

    4 Valentine, “Executive Presence.”

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 6 of 6

    listen to those around them. If you are not listening, you are not being present.

    In 1975, MITS unveiled the Altair 8800, billed as the world’s first commercial personal
    computer. When they read about the computer, two college students reached out to MITS,
    claiming they had created a programming language that could run on the Altair. In actuality,
    the students had no such language, but their assertiveness and certainty grabbed the
    attention of MITS founder Ed Roberts. Through a letter and a phone call, the students
    convinced Roberts they had the talent and creativity to benefit his company. In a few weeks,
    they developed that programming language, demonstrated it to Roberts, and were offered
    jobs at the company shortly thereafter. Those students were Paul Allen and Bill Gates, and
    the rest, as they say, is history.

    Looking Ahead

    In this lecture, we explored what executive presence means. We learned what its main
    elements are, and we explored how leaders manifest it. Bear in mind, though, that executive
    presence is not something you can just say you have. The people you interact with must
    experience it for themselves. As you work to develop your own leadership style, remember that
    executive presence is not an innate personality trait. It is a skill that you have the power to grow.

    In the next lecture, we will explore the fundamentals of interpersonal communication. We will
    understand the skills you need to develop strong ties with others, such as displaying empathy
    and asking the right questions. We will also delineate how to interact with different groups of
    colleagues and how to make lasting connections with people in your organization.

    – In this lecture, we explored what executive presence means. We learned what its main elements are, and we explored how leaders manifest it. Bear in mind, though, that executive presence is not something you can just say you have. The people you inter…
    – In the next lecture, we will explore the fundamentals of interpersonal communication. We will understand the skills you need to develop strong ties with others, such as displaying empathy and asking the right questions. We will also delineate how to i…

    **BusinessCommunication.jpeg**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/businesscommunication-jpeg-10259079)

    **BusinessCommunication.jpeg**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/businesscommunication-jpeg-10259079)

    **## JWI505Week1LectureNotes.pdf**

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 1 of 6

    Executive Presence (Part I)

    What It Means

    In JWI 510: Leadership in the 21st Century, you learned that leaders aren’t just born. Some
    traits, like energy and passion, are innate qualities for natural-born leaders. But if you can
    master the ability to make tough calls and execute, you can become a great leader. The same
    principle holds true for communicators: you do not have to be a brilliant orator or a literary
    genius. You can be a terrific communicator if you hone the skills and tools you need.

    Superb writing skills and natural charisma are obviously useful assets. But when it comes to
    business communications, perhaps no quality is as important as a strong executive presence.
    Everyone you interact with must feel that they can trust you, that you know what you are
    talking about, and that you will excel at your job. You have likely heard countless bosses and
    CEOs talk about how important executive presence is for success as a leader. However, how
    many times have you heard someone tell you just what exactly executive presence is?

    In this lecture, we will define it, identify the key elements and characteristics of a strong
    executive presence, and understand its role in business leadership.

    Why It Matters

    • An understanding of executive presence lays the foundation for you to develop your
    own leadership persona.

    • Executive presence plays a major role in determining levels of responsibility in a
    company.

    • A strong executive presence at work helps shape your conduct in your daily life.

    “The opportunities you gain access to depend on the confidence you’ve inspired in the
    decision makers.”

    Gerry Valentine

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 2 of 6

    What Is Executive Presence?

    Jack once said that, at its core, executive presence is “being able to express yourself clearly
    and concisely, self-confidently.”1 Executive coach Gerry Valentine defines executive presence
    as “your ability to inspire confidence.”2 Sylvia Ann Hewlett, the founder of the Center for
    Talent Innovation, calls it a blend of gravitas, communication, and appearance.3 Not
    surprisingly, there is no single, universally agreed-upon definition. People can generally agree
    on what executive presence entails, but not necessarily what it is. It can be an abstract
    concept that does not lend itself to an easy definition. To paraphrase former United States
    Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart, people just “know it when they see it.”

    For our purposes, we can combine all of these viewpoints and ideas into one coherent
    definition. Executive presence is your ability to project confidence, communicate clearly, and
    convince others that you have authority. To use Jack’s expression, it is a key component of
    your fingerprint. Your ability to express yourself straightforwardly and persuasively is critical to
    your effectiveness in your career.

    At the core of our definition of executive presence are four elements. For the sake of
    simplicity, we will call these the two As and two Cs:

    • Authenticity
    • Attentiveness
    • Credibility
    • Confidence

    1 “Importance of Executive Presence,” winning., September 4, 2019,
    https://jackwelch.strayer.edu/winning/importance-of-executive-presence/.
    2 Gerry Valentine, “Executive Presence: What Is It, Why You Need It and How to Get It,” Forbes, July 31, 2018,
    https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescoachescouncil/2018/07/31/executive-presence-what-is-it-why-you-need-it-and-
    how-to-get-it/#7ca1dc456bc7.
    3 “Sylvia Ann Hewlett’s ‘Executive Presence’ Demystifies the Overlooked Trait That’s Essential to Climbing the
    Career Ladder,” Center for Talent Innovation, n.d., https://www.talentinnovation.org/_private/assets/EP-book-
    pressrelease-final.pdf.

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 3 of 6

    Authenticity

    Have you ever heard a speech or talk from an authority figure, and felt the sneaking suspicion
    that they were withholding something from you? Many would-be business leaders operate
    within layers of pretense. They say what they think people want to hear instead of what they
    really think. Consciously or subconsciously, they refrain from being forthright and honest;
    doing so is messy and can make them uncomfortable. This mindset demonstrates a complete
    lack of authenticity.

    Authenticity is how earnest, honest, and genuine you seem to others. It is shedding pretense
    to be realistically yourself when you communicate. It means being candid and truthful with
    everyone you interact with, whether they are your boss, your customer, or your direct report.
    Only when you do that can you inspire trust and confidence from your audience.

    What authenticity is not is copying the mannerisms and conduct of other people. Other
    leaders make great role models, but you cannot copy someone else and be authentic.
    Authenticity is also not about having all of the answers to a problem. Effective leaders
    acknowledge their shortcomings or knowledge gaps. As Jack said, you should be comfortable
    not being the smartest person in the room. If you do not know something, admitting that is
    sincere, dignified, and professional.

    Attentiveness

    Have you ever had a boss or coworker you dreaded talking to, someone who always made
    you feel as if you were inconveniencing them? What about a boss or coworker who always
    seemed to be busy with other tasks and assignments when you really needed help with
    yours? Working with such people is difficult because they are impatient and unwilling to share
    their time. Their attitude hinders their communication skills and, as a result, undermines their
    leadership skills.

    Being attentive in your interactions at work seems like a straightforward task, but it is
    surprisingly difficult in practice. We think being productive means multitasking and juggling all
    of our assignments at the same time. Think about how many times you have been having a
    face-to-face conversation with someone, and one of you takes out their phone to read an
    email or a text message. This dynamic makes it hard to be attentive to your colleagues and

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 4 of 6

    customers, and it prevents you from being truly present. It demonstrates that you are not
    engaged with your listener.

    Being present with someone means giving them your undivided attention. You have to treat
    them as if they are the most important person in the world at that moment. Also, make sure
    you pick up on their nonverbal cues. If you are in a meeting and one of your colleagues
    seems uneasy, they may be anxious about how their input will be received. Find a way to
    elicit information from them in a manner that makes them feel comfortable and heard.

    When he was named CEO of United Parcel Services (UPS) in 2014, David Abney had been
    working at the company for four decades. He understood the insights that employees can
    make, regardless of their job title. So, in one of his first acts as CEO, Abney went on a global
    listening tour where he asked both customers and employees about the company’s future and
    priorities. Whenever he tours company facilities, Abney purposely seeks out and talks to
    those employees who are not smiling. Even though he has a qualified leadership team, Abney
    listens to employees and gives them voice and dignity.

    Credibility

    Being credible means convincing your audience – the recipients of your communication – that
    your message is worth listening to. When you begin delivering a message, your listeners will
    always have a series of unstated questions in the back of their minds. Do you know what you
    are talking about? How much research have you done? Do you take this subject seriously?
    Do you care about your message? Do you care about us? Perhaps most importantly, why
    should we trust you?

    It is easy for people like David Abney to assert their credibility; they have been with their
    organizations for decades and are considered experts in their fields. If you are starting at a
    new job, on the other hand, your colleagues will not know much about you; they cannot draw
    from a shared history with you. To establish your credibility, you need to take a good look at
    how you present yourself. Appearance plays a big role in demonstrating that you take your
    listeners seriously. There is a reason nobody wears a tuxedo to a job interview. In your verbal
    communication, you obviously cannot list your credentials in every conversation you have.
    Instead, take the time to think through your message. Do not make broad claims if you cannot
    readily support them. Above all else, do not say something that is not true.

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 5 of 6

    When she took over operations for The Washington Post in 1963, Katharine Graham faced
    daunting hurdles. Even though she had years of experience in newspaper publishing, few of
    her predominantly male colleagues seemed to take her seriously. Graham built up her
    credibility in two ways. First, she surrounded herself with experts. She frequently talked to
    Warren Buffett for financial insights, and she hired seasoned journalist Ben Bradlee as the
    paper’s executive editor. Second, she made principled judgments, such as the decision to
    publish the Pentagon Papers. Her sense of journalistic integrity bolstered her credibility. She
    was the first woman to be CEO of a Fortune 500 company, and she demonstrated her right to
    be taken seriously.

    Confidence

    Countless studies have shown that public speaking terrifies many people. It can be
    intimidating to stand in front of your colleagues or your boss, wondering how they will respond
    to your ideas. And you know that listening to a poor presentation is just as challenging. If the
    speaker goes off on tangents, or mumbles, it is nearly impossible for you to connect with
    them. In the end, the speaker does not deliver an effective message and the audience feels
    isolated. More often than not, this can be attributed to the speaker’s lack of confidence.

    Of all of the attributes of executive presence, confidence is the easiest one to just “know it
    when you see it.” In concrete terms, it means making eye contact with your listeners. It means
    speaking loudly and clearly, all while sticking to the point. When it comes to writing, it means
    avoiding phrases like “it could be” or “I wonder if,” which suggest that you are unsure of your
    message. To paraphrase Gerry Valentine, when you exhibit confidence, your subordinates
    should know you are the leader they want to follow. Your peers should know that you are
    capable and reliable. And your senior leaders should know you have the potential for great
    achievements.4

    To be clear, being confident does not mean you never second-guess yourself. You should be
    open to new information and opinions. Jeff Bezos, for instance, felt very confident about
    launching Amazon Auctions, which was meant to compete with eBay. But when early data
    showed the venture would not be too successful, he abandoned it. Confidence also does not
    mean being the loudest voice in the room. Often, people who dominate conversations do not

    4 Valentine, “Executive Presence.”

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 6 of 6

    listen to those around them. If you are not listening, you are not being present.

    In 1975, MITS unveiled the Altair 8800, billed as the world’s first commercial personal
    computer. When they read about the computer, two college students reached out to MITS,
    claiming they had created a programming language that could run on the Altair. In actuality,
    the students had no such language, but their assertiveness and certainty grabbed the
    attention of MITS founder Ed Roberts. Through a letter and a phone call, the students
    convinced Roberts they had the talent and creativity to benefit his company. In a few weeks,
    they developed that programming language, demonstrated it to Roberts, and were offered
    jobs at the company shortly thereafter. Those students were Paul Allen and Bill Gates, and
    the rest, as they say, is history.

    Looking Ahead

    In this lecture, we explored what executive presence means. We learned what its main
    elements are, and we explored how leaders manifest it. Bear in mind, though, that executive
    presence is not something you can just say you have. The people you interact with must
    experience it for themselves. As you work to develop your own leadership style, remember that
    executive presence is not an innate personality trait. It is a skill that you have the power to grow.

    In the next lecture, we will explore the fundamentals of interpersonal communication. We will
    understand the skills you need to develop strong ties with others, such as displaying empathy
    and asking the right questions. We will also delineate how to interact with different groups of
    colleagues and how to make lasting connections with people in your organization.

    – In this lecture, we explored what executive presence means. We learned what its main elements are, and we explored how leaders manifest it. Bear in mind, though, that executive presence is not something you can just say you have. The people you inter…
    – In the next lecture, we will explore the fundamentals of interpersonal communication. We will understand the skills you need to develop strong ties with others, such as displaying empathy and asking the right questions. We will also delineate how to i…

    **BusinessCommunication.jpeg**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/businesscommunication-jpeg-10259079)

    **## JWI505Week1LectureNotes.pdf**

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 1 of 6

    Executive Presence (Part I)

    What It Means

    In JWI 510: Leadership in the 21st Century, you learned that leaders aren’t just born. Some
    traits, like energy and passion, are innate qualities for natural-born leaders. But if you can
    master the ability to make tough calls and execute, you can become a great leader. The same
    principle holds true for communicators: you do not have to be a brilliant orator or a literary
    genius. You can be a terrific communicator if you hone the skills and tools you need.

    Superb writing skills and natural charisma are obviously useful assets. But when it comes to
    business communications, perhaps no quality is as important as a strong executive presence.
    Everyone you interact with must feel that they can trust you, that you know what you are
    talking about, and that you will excel at your job. You have likely heard countless bosses and
    CEOs talk about how important executive presence is for success as a leader. However, how
    many times have you heard someone tell you just what exactly executive presence is?

    In this lecture, we will define it, identify the key elements and characteristics of a strong
    executive presence, and understand its role in business leadership.

    Why It Matters

    • An understanding of executive presence lays the foundation for you to develop your
    own leadership persona.

    • Executive presence plays a major role in determining levels of responsibility in a
    company.

    • A strong executive presence at work helps shape your conduct in your daily life.

    “The opportunities you gain access to depend on the confidence you’ve inspired in the
    decision makers.”

    Gerry Valentine

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 2 of 6

    What Is Executive Presence?

    Jack once said that, at its core, executive presence is “being able to express yourself clearly
    and concisely, self-confidently.”1 Executive coach Gerry Valentine defines executive presence
    as “your ability to inspire confidence.”2 Sylvia Ann Hewlett, the founder of the Center for
    Talent Innovation, calls it a blend of gravitas, communication, and appearance.3 Not
    surprisingly, there is no single, universally agreed-upon definition. People can generally agree
    on what executive presence entails, but not necessarily what it is. It can be an abstract
    concept that does not lend itself to an easy definition. To paraphrase former United States
    Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart, people just “know it when they see it.”

    For our purposes, we can combine all of these viewpoints and ideas into one coherent
    definition. Executive presence is your ability to project confidence, communicate clearly, and
    convince others that you have authority. To use Jack’s expression, it is a key component of
    your fingerprint. Your ability to express yourself straightforwardly and persuasively is critical to
    your effectiveness in your career.

    At the core of our definition of executive presence are four elements. For the sake of
    simplicity, we will call these the two As and two Cs:

    • Authenticity
    • Attentiveness
    • Credibility
    • Confidence

    1 “Importance of Executive Presence,” winning., September 4, 2019,
    https://jackwelch.strayer.edu/winning/importance-of-executive-presence/.
    2 Gerry Valentine, “Executive Presence: What Is It, Why You Need It and How to Get It,” Forbes, July 31, 2018,
    https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescoachescouncil/2018/07/31/executive-presence-what-is-it-why-you-need-it-and-
    how-to-get-it/#7ca1dc456bc7.
    3 “Sylvia Ann Hewlett’s ‘Executive Presence’ Demystifies the Overlooked Trait That’s Essential to Climbing the
    Career Ladder,” Center for Talent Innovation, n.d., https://www.talentinnovation.org/_private/assets/EP-book-
    pressrelease-final.pdf.

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 3 of 6

    Authenticity

    Have you ever heard a speech or talk from an authority figure, and felt the sneaking suspicion
    that they were withholding something from you? Many would-be business leaders operate
    within layers of pretense. They say what they think people want to hear instead of what they
    really think. Consciously or subconsciously, they refrain from being forthright and honest;
    doing so is messy and can make them uncomfortable. This mindset demonstrates a complete
    lack of authenticity.

    Authenticity is how earnest, honest, and genuine you seem to others. It is shedding pretense
    to be realistically yourself when you communicate. It means being candid and truthful with
    everyone you interact with, whether they are your boss, your customer, or your direct report.
    Only when you do that can you inspire trust and confidence from your audience.

    What authenticity is not is copying the mannerisms and conduct of other people. Other
    leaders make great role models, but you cannot copy someone else and be authentic.
    Authenticity is also not about having all of the answers to a problem. Effective leaders
    acknowledge their shortcomings or knowledge gaps. As Jack said, you should be comfortable
    not being the smartest person in the room. If you do not know something, admitting that is
    sincere, dignified, and professional.

    Attentiveness

    Have you ever had a boss or coworker you dreaded talking to, someone who always made
    you feel as if you were inconveniencing them? What about a boss or coworker who always
    seemed to be busy with other tasks and assignments when you really needed help with
    yours? Working with such people is difficult because they are impatient and unwilling to share
    their time. Their attitude hinders their communication skills and, as a result, undermines their
    leadership skills.

    Being attentive in your interactions at work seems like a straightforward task, but it is
    surprisingly difficult in practice. We think being productive means multitasking and juggling all
    of our assignments at the same time. Think about how many times you have been having a
    face-to-face conversation with someone, and one of you takes out their phone to read an
    email or a text message. This dynamic makes it hard to be attentive to your colleagues and

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 4 of 6

    customers, and it prevents you from being truly present. It demonstrates that you are not
    engaged with your listener.

    Being present with someone means giving them your undivided attention. You have to treat
    them as if they are the most important person in the world at that moment. Also, make sure
    you pick up on their nonverbal cues. If you are in a meeting and one of your colleagues
    seems uneasy, they may be anxious about how their input will be received. Find a way to
    elicit information from them in a manner that makes them feel comfortable and heard.

    When he was named CEO of United Parcel Services (UPS) in 2014, David Abney had been
    working at the company for four decades. He understood the insights that employees can
    make, regardless of their job title. So, in one of his first acts as CEO, Abney went on a global
    listening tour where he asked both customers and employees about the company’s future and
    priorities. Whenever he tours company facilities, Abney purposely seeks out and talks to
    those employees who are not smiling. Even though he has a qualified leadership team, Abney
    listens to employees and gives them voice and dignity.

    Credibility

    Being credible means convincing your audience – the recipients of your communication – that
    your message is worth listening to. When you begin delivering a message, your listeners will
    always have a series of unstated questions in the back of their minds. Do you know what you
    are talking about? How much research have you done? Do you take this subject seriously?
    Do you care about your message? Do you care about us? Perhaps most importantly, why
    should we trust you?

    It is easy for people like David Abney to assert their credibility; they have been with their
    organizations for decades and are considered experts in their fields. If you are starting at a
    new job, on the other hand, your colleagues will not know much about you; they cannot draw
    from a shared history with you. To establish your credibility, you need to take a good look at
    how you present yourself. Appearance plays a big role in demonstrating that you take your
    listeners seriously. There is a reason nobody wears a tuxedo to a job interview. In your verbal
    communication, you obviously cannot list your credentials in every conversation you have.
    Instead, take the time to think through your message. Do not make broad claims if you cannot
    readily support them. Above all else, do not say something that is not true.

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 5 of 6

    When she took over operations for The Washington Post in 1963, Katharine Graham faced
    daunting hurdles. Even though she had years of experience in newspaper publishing, few of
    her predominantly male colleagues seemed to take her seriously. Graham built up her
    credibility in two ways. First, she surrounded herself with experts. She frequently talked to
    Warren Buffett for financial insights, and she hired seasoned journalist Ben Bradlee as the
    paper’s executive editor. Second, she made principled judgments, such as the decision to
    publish the Pentagon Papers. Her sense of journalistic integrity bolstered her credibility. She
    was the first woman to be CEO of a Fortune 500 company, and she demonstrated her right to
    be taken seriously.

    Confidence

    Countless studies have shown that public speaking terrifies many people. It can be
    intimidating to stand in front of your colleagues or your boss, wondering how they will respond
    to your ideas. And you know that listening to a poor presentation is just as challenging. If the
    speaker goes off on tangents, or mumbles, it is nearly impossible for you to connect with
    them. In the end, the speaker does not deliver an effective message and the audience feels
    isolated. More often than not, this can be attributed to the speaker’s lack of confidence.

    Of all of the attributes of executive presence, confidence is the easiest one to just “know it
    when you see it.” In concrete terms, it means making eye contact with your listeners. It means
    speaking loudly and clearly, all while sticking to the point. When it comes to writing, it means
    avoiding phrases like “it could be” or “I wonder if,” which suggest that you are unsure of your
    message. To paraphrase Gerry Valentine, when you exhibit confidence, your subordinates
    should know you are the leader they want to follow. Your peers should know that you are
    capable and reliable. And your senior leaders should know you have the potential for great
    achievements.4

    To be clear, being confident does not mean you never second-guess yourself. You should be
    open to new information and opinions. Jeff Bezos, for instance, felt very confident about
    launching Amazon Auctions, which was meant to compete with eBay. But when early data
    showed the venture would not be too successful, he abandoned it. Confidence also does not
    mean being the loudest voice in the room. Often, people who dominate conversations do not

    4 Valentine, “Executive Presence.”

    JWI 505: Business Communications and Executive Presence
    Week 1 Lecture Notes

    © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
    copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

    JWI 505 – Lecture Notes (1242) Page 6 of 6

    listen to those around them. If you are not listening, you are not being present.

    In 1975, MITS unveiled the Altair 8800, billed as the world’s first commercial personal
    computer. When they read about the computer, two college students reached out to MITS,
    claiming they had created a programming language that could run on the Altair. In actuality,
    the students had no such language, but their assertiveness and certainty grabbed the
    attention of MITS founder Ed Roberts. Through a letter and a phone call, the students
    convinced Roberts they had the talent and creativity to benefit his company. In a few weeks,
    they developed that programming language, demonstrated it to Roberts, and were offered
    jobs at the company shortly thereafter. Those students were Paul Allen and Bill Gates, and
    the rest, as they say, is history.

    Looking Ahead

    In this lecture, we explored what executive presence means. We learned what its main
    elements are, and we explored how leaders manifest it. Bear in mind, though, that executive
    presence is not something you can just say you have. The people you interact with must
    experience it for themselves. As you work to develop your own leadership style, remember that
    executive presence is not an innate personality trait. It is a skill that you have the power to grow.

    In the next lecture, we will explore the fundamentals of interpersonal communication. We will
    understand the skills you need to develop strong ties with others, such as displaying empathy
    and asking the right questions. We will also delineate how to interact with different groups of
    colleagues and how to make lasting connections with people in your organization.

    – In this lecture, we explored what executive presence means. We learned what its main elements are, and we explored how leaders manifest it. Bear in mind, though, that executive presence is not something you can just say you have. The people you inter…
    – In the next lecture, we will explore the fundamentals of interpersonal communication. We will understand the skills you need to develop strong ties with others, such as displaying empathy and asking the right questions. We will also delineate how to i…

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