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  • [Solved] feedback jul

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    In terms of our self-esteem measure, examining the instrument through the lens of Classical Test Theory (CTT) versus Item Response Theory (IRT) would yield different insights regarding its reliability and validity. From a CTT perspective, the focus is on total test scores and the assumption that eac…

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    In terms of our self-esteem measure, examining the instrument through the lens of Classical Test Theory (CTT) versus Item Response Theory (IRT) would yield different insights regarding its reliability and validity. From a CTT perspective, the focus is on total test scores and the assumption that each observed score is composed of a true score and random error (Crocker & Algina, 2006). In this framework, reliability is often evaluated using internal consistency measures such as Cronbach’s alpha, and item statistics like item-total correlations are used to assess how well each item contributes to the overall scale. However, these statistics are sample-dependent, meaning the properties of the items may change with different populations (DeVellis, 2017).

    In contrast, IRT takes a probabilistic approach and models the relationship between a person’s latent trait (e.g., self-esteem) and the probability of endorsing specific item responses (Embretson & Reise, 2000). Unlike CTT, IRT provides item-level information, such as difficulty and discrimination parameters, and can evaluate how well each item functions across varying levels of self-esteem. This theory also allows for the development of more adaptive and precise assessments, as items can be tailored to individual respondents. Moreover, IRT parameters are invariant across populations, assuming model fit, making it a more robust choice for generalizing findings and refining test items (Hambleton, Swaminathan, & Rogers, 1991).

    References:

    – Crocker, L., & Algina, J. (2006). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. Cengage Learning.
    – DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development: Theory and applications (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
    – Embretson, S. E., & Reise, S. P. (2000). Item response theory for psychologists. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    – Hambleton, R. K., Swaminathan, H., & Rogers, H. J. (1991). Fundamentals of item response theory. Sage Publications.

    – a year ago

  • [Solved] 7676

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    [>Operations Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-operations-management) 760114 – a year ago

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    [>Operations Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-operations-management)

    760114

    – a year ago

  • [Solved] feedback jan

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    When considering our self-esteem measure, it is important to understand the distinct ways classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) approach measurement. Although both aim to accurately assess constructs like self-esteem, they differ in how they conceptualize scores, reliability, an…

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    When considering our self-esteem measure, it is important to understand the distinct ways classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) approach measurement. Although both aim to accurately assess constructs like self-esteem, they differ in how they conceptualize scores, reliability, and item performance. From a classical test theory perspective, the focus is primarily on the total score obtained from a test. CTT assumes that each observed score is made up of a true score and an error component (Cook, 2013; Kline, 2005). For example, if we administered a 20-item self-esteem survey, CTT would emphasize the total score and assess reliability using methods such as Cronbach’s alpha. It would not deeply evaluate how individual items function across different levels of self-esteem. In CTT, item difficulty and discrimination are considered sample-dependent, meaning results may change depending on the group tested (Putnick & Bornstein, 2016).

    In contrast, item response theory (IRT) offers a detailed and dynamic view. IRT treats item responses probabilistically, examining how each question functions at different levels of the trait being measured, such as self-esteem (Edelen & Reeve, 2007). Rather than assuming one error term for the whole test, IRT acknowledges that measurement error varies across different trait levels. For example, some items on a self-esteem scale may work well for individuals with moderate self-esteem but not those with very high or low self-esteem. Park and Park (2019) conducted a Rasch analysis, which is a form of IRT, on the Rosenberg self-esteem scale with individuals with intellectual disabilities. Their findings showed that while all items demonstrated acceptable fit statistics, the difficulty level of the items varied significantly. This highlighted that certain items may not adequately assess self-esteem across all ability levels. Notably, Park and Park (2019) found that the 4-point rating scale functioned well, suggesting that the responses were captured effectively even in specialized populations. It also reinforces how IRT provides critical insights that CTT would not easily detect, such as whether an item is too easy or too difficult for a given population. It also demonstrates how Rasch modeling helps ensure items maintain consistent meaning across diverse groups.

    Furthermore, CTT would suggest that the same test is equally reliable across all respondents, but IRT shows us that reliability can vary across levels of self-esteem. With IRT, we can better tailor test items to match a participant’s ability level, potentially using adaptive testing methods (Cook, 2013). Hence, CTT gives us a straightforward and broad understanding of test performance. At the same time, IRT allows us to look more closely at individual items' precision and different self-esteem trait levels. Both frameworks are valuable, but offer different insights into how we interpret our self-esteem measurement.

    **References**

    Cook, K. F. (2013, January 24). _A conceptual introduction to item response theory: Part 1. The logic of IRT scoring._ [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrdbllMYq8M

    Kline, T. J. B. (2005). _Psychological testing: A practical approach to design and evaluation._ Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications

    Park, J. Y., & Park, E. Y. (2019). The Rasch analysis of Rosenberg self-esteem scale in individuals with intellectual disabilities. _Frontiers in Psychology, 10(_ 1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01992

    Putnick, D. L., & Bornstein, M. H. (2016). Measurement invariance conventions and reporting: The state of the art and future directions for psychological research. _Developmental Review, 41(_ 1), 71–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2016.06.004

    Edelen, M. O., & Reeve, B. B. (2007). Applying item response theory (IRT) modeling to questionnaire development, evaluation, and refinement. _Quality of Life Research, 16(_ 1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-007-9198-0

    – a year ago

  • [Solved] 6520-10d

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    In-depth study guidance and analytical solution covering 6520-10d.

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    Full assignment prompt and step-by-step guidance are included in the downloadable solution file.

  • [Solved] EthicalT3Q2

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    According to the four parts of the Christian biblical narrative (i.e., creation, fall, redemption, and restoration) that informs us about the nature of God, where would you find comfort and hope in the midst of sickness and disease? Initial discussion question posts should be a minimum of 200 words …

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    According to the four parts of the Christian biblical narrative (i.e., creation, fall, redemption, and restoration) that informs us about the nature of God, where would you find comfort and hope in the midst of sickness and disease?

    Initial discussion question posts should be a minimum of 200 words and include at least two references cited using APA format.

    – a year ago

  • [Solved] EthicalT3Q1

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    The four principles of biomedical ethics, especially in the context of bioethics in the United States, have often been critiqued for raising the principle of autonomy to the highest place, such that it trumps all other principles or values. Based on your worldview, how do you rank the importance of …

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    The four principles of biomedical ethics, especially in the context of bioethics in the United States, have often been critiqued for raising the principle of autonomy to the highest place, such that it trumps all other principles or values. Based on your worldview, how do you rank the importance of each of the four principles in order to protect the health and safety of diverse populations?

    Initial discussion question posts should be a minimum of 200 words and include at least two references cited using APA format.

    – a year ago

  • [Solved] emdevwks

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    – a year ago **files (1)** – ## EmbDev.docx **## EmbDev.docx** 1. Describe the process of fertilization, and explain the significance of multiple sperm to ensuring its success. 2. Discuss cleavage, morula formation, blastocyst formation, and implantation of the blastocyst in the uterine wall. 3. …

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    – a year ago

    **files (1)**

    – ## EmbDev.docx

    **## EmbDev.docx**

    1. Describe the process of fertilization, and explain the significance of multiple sperm to ensuring its success.

    2. Discuss cleavage, morula formation, blastocyst formation, and implantation of the blastocyst in the
    uterine wall.

    3. Describe gastrulation and the formation of the three germ layers.

    4. Identify and describe the formation, location, and functions of the four extra-embryonic membranes.

    5. Discuss the roles of the extra-embryonic membranes in embryological development and placenta formation.

    6. Discuss the importance of the placenta both to the fetus and as an endocrine organ.

    7. Describe organogenesis and its role in the developing fetus.

    8. Describe the interplay between maternal organ systems and the developing fetus.

    9. List and discuss the events that occur during labor and delivery.

    10. Identify the features of and the functions associated with the various life stages.

    11. Explain the roles of hormones in males and females at puberty.

    12. Relate the basic principles of genetics to the inheritance of human traits.

    13. Describe the relationships among the various forms of inheritance, and give examples of representative phenotypic characters, both normal and abnormal.

    14. Perform Punnett Squares for strict dominant-recessive inheritance, multiple allele and codominant inheritance, and x-linked inheritance patterns. From the results of a Punnett Square, be able to identify the probability of a given phenotype or genotype.

    15. Identify several chromosomal disorders, and describe the human genome.

    1. What is the term for the functional change that sperm must undergo in the female reproductive tract that allows them to fertilize a secondary oocyte? ________________________________

    1. The glycoprotein layer internal to the corona radiata is called __________________________

    1. The developing conceptus is called a __________________________ for the first eight weeks.

    1. The development of an embryo or fetus outside the uterine cavity is called _______________.

    1. The part of the female reproductive tract where fertilization normally occurs is _____________.

    1. By the end of the third day after fertilization, the fertilized egg has become a solid ball of cells called the __________________________________________________________________.

    1. Name the type of trophoblast cell that degrades the endometrium for implantation to take place __________________________________________________________________________.

    1. The decidua _____________________ is the endometrium that grows over the implanted egg.

    1. Name the germ layer that gives rise to the bones and muscles. ________________________

    1. Which of the fetal membranes serves as an early site of blood cell formation and that is the source of the cells that differentiate to form reproductive cells? _________________________

    1. Name the hormone secreted by the placenta that mimics the action of LH and causes the corpus luteum to continue secreting progesterone. __________________________________

    1. During which month does the heart start beating? ___________________________________

    1. Deoxygenated blood is carried to the placenta which fetal blood vessel? _________________

    1. Name the hormone that causes the waddling gate in pregnant women. ___________________

    1. Name the hormone that causes glucose sparing. ____________________________________

    1. Name the phase of parturition during which the baby is delivered. _______________________

    1. Name one physiological change that occurs during pregnancy. _________________________

    1. Name the hormone that stimulates the let-down reflex. _______________________________

    1. The initial low-lactose, low-fat fluid produced by the mammary glands is called ____________.

    1. A condition that appears as a result of impaired renal function, edema, and increased blood volume during pregnancy is called ______________________________________________.

    1. Name the term for one’s physical or outward expression of their genes. ______________

    1. A diploid human cell contains ____________________ pairs of autosomal chromosomes.

    1. Name the term that refers to different versions of the same gene. ___________________

    1. Give one example of a
    **dominant** human trait. __________________________________

    1. Give one example of a
    **sex-linked** human trait. __________________________________

    1. Right handedness (R) is dominant over left handedness (r). Determine the probability of producing a child with right-handedness from a cross between two heterozygous parents. _______________________________________________________________________

    1. From the previous cross, determine the probability the child will be homozygous dominant for the trait? __________________________________________________________________

    1. Determine the probability of producing a child with O type blood from a cross between a woman who is genotype AO and a man who is genotype BO. _________________________

    1. What is the probability a woman’s 6-month-old son is colorblind if she is a carrier of colorblindness and the father is also colorblind? _____________________________________

    1. From the previous cross, what is the probability of having a colorblind daughter? ___________

    1. Name the technique used to observe abnormalities in chromosome number by staining, photographing, pairing, and lining up chromosomes _________________________________

    1. Name a genetic disorder described as a monosmy of sex chromosomes characterized as XO. ___________________________________________________________________________

    1. Name an autosomal recessive disorder. __________________________________________

    1. Name an autosomal dominant disorder. ___________________________________________

    1. Name an X-linked recessive disorder. _____________________________________________

    **## EmbDev.docx**

    1. Describe the process of fertilization, and explain the significance of multiple sperm to ensuring its success.

    2. Discuss cleavage, morula formation, blastocyst formation, and implantation of the blastocyst in the
    uterine wall.

    3. Describe gastrulation and the formation of the three germ layers.

    4. Identify and describe the formation, location, and functions of the four extra-embryonic membranes.

    5. Discuss the roles of the extra-embryonic membranes in embryological development and placenta formation.

    6. Discuss the importance of the placenta both to the fetus and as an endocrine organ.

    7. Describe organogenesis and its role in the developing fetus.

    8. Describe the interplay between maternal organ systems and the developing fetus.

    9. List and discuss the events that occur during labor and delivery.

    10. Identify the features of and the functions associated with the various life stages.

    11. Explain the roles of hormones in males and females at puberty.

    12. Relate the basic principles of genetics to the inheritance of human traits.

    13. Describe the relationships among the various forms of inheritance, and give examples of representative phenotypic characters, both normal and abnormal.

    14. Perform Punnett Squares for strict dominant-recessive inheritance, multiple allele and codominant inheritance, and x-linked inheritance patterns. From the results of a Punnett Square, be able to identify the probability of a given phenotype or genotype.

    15. Identify several chromosomal disorders, and describe the human genome.

    1. What is the term for the functional change that sperm must undergo in the female reproductive tract that allows them to fertilize a secondary oocyte? ________________________________

    1. The glycoprotein layer internal to the corona radiata is called __________________________

    1. The developing conceptus is called a __________________________ for the first eight weeks.

    1. The development of an embryo or fetus outside the uterine cavity is called _______________.

    1. The part of the female reproductive tract where fertilization normally occurs is _____________.

    1. By the end of the third day after fertilization, the fertilized egg has become a solid ball of cells called the __________________________________________________________________.

    1. Name the type of trophoblast cell that degrades the endometrium for implantation to take place __________________________________________________________________________.

    1. The decidua _____________________ is the endometrium that grows over the implanted egg.

    1. Name the germ layer that gives rise to the bones and muscles. ________________________

    1. Which of the fetal membranes serves as an early site of blood cell formation and that is the source of the cells that differentiate to form reproductive cells? _________________________

    1. Name the hormone secreted by the placenta that mimics the action of LH and causes the corpus luteum to continue secreting progesterone. __________________________________

    1. During which month does the heart start beating? ___________________________________

    1. Deoxygenated blood is carried to the placenta which fetal blood vessel? _________________

    1. Name the hormone that causes the waddling gate in pregnant women. ___________________

    1. Name the hormone that causes glucose sparing. ____________________________________

    1. Name the phase of parturition during which the baby is delivered. _______________________

    1. Name one physiological change that occurs during pregnancy. _________________________

    1. Name the hormone that stimulates the let-down reflex. _______________________________

    1. The initial low-lactose, low-fat fluid produced by the mammary glands is called ____________.

    1. A condition that appears as a result of impaired renal function, edema, and increased blood volume during pregnancy is called ______________________________________________.

    1. Name the term for one’s physical or outward expression of their genes. ______________

    1. A diploid human cell contains ____________________ pairs of autosomal chromosomes.

    1. Name the term that refers to different versions of the same gene. ___________________

    1. Give one example of a
    **dominant** human trait. __________________________________

    1. Give one example of a
    **sex-linked** human trait. __________________________________

    1. Right handedness (R) is dominant over left handedness (r). Determine the probability of producing a child with right-handedness from a cross between two heterozygous parents. _______________________________________________________________________

    1. From the previous cross, determine the probability the child will be homozygous dominant for the trait? __________________________________________________________________

    1. Determine the probability of producing a child with O type blood from a cross between a woman who is genotype AO and a man who is genotype BO. _________________________

    1. What is the probability a woman’s 6-month-old son is colorblind if she is a carrier of colorblindness and the father is also colorblind? _____________________________________

    1. From the previous cross, what is the probability of having a colorblind daughter? ___________

    1. Name the technique used to observe abnormalities in chromosome number by staining, photographing, pairing, and lining up chromosomes _________________________________

    1. Name a genetic disorder described as a monosmy of sex chromosomes characterized as XO. ___________________________________________________________________________

    1. Name an autosomal recessive disorder. __________________________________________

    1. Name an autosomal dominant disorder. ___________________________________________

    1. Name an X-linked recessive disorder. _____________________________________________

  • [Solved] dpr

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    check file below please – a year ago **files (1)** – ## Repro2.docx **## Repro2.docx** **No plagarirsm** **Include references** **Identify All The Male Reproductive Structures List below on a diagram** Scrotum Cremaster muscle Testis (testes) Tunica albuginea Tunica vaginalis Seminiferous tubules Re…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    check file below please

    – a year ago

    **files (1)**

    – ## Repro2.docx

    **## Repro2.docx**

    **No plagarirsm**

    **Include references**

    **Identify All The Male Reproductive Structures List below on a diagram**

    Scrotum

    Cremaster muscle

    Testis (testes)

    Tunica albuginea

    Tunica vaginalis

    Seminiferous tubules

    Rete testis

    Epididymis – head, body, tail

    Spermatic cord

    Ductus deferens (vas deferens, vasa deferentia)

    Testicular arteries and veins

    Inguinal canal

    Ampulla of ductus deferens

    Seminal vesicle

    Prostate gland

    Ejaculatory duct

    Prostatic urethra

    Urogenital diaphragm

    Membranous urethra

    Bulbourethral gland (Cowper’s gland)

    Duct of bulbourethral gland

    Penis

    Corpus spongiosum

    Penile (spongy) urethra

    Corpus cavernosum

    Glans penis

    Prepuce (foreskin)

    External urethral orifice

    **Identify All The Female Reproductive Structures List below on a diagram**

    · Ovary

    · Ovarian follicles

    · Ovarian ligament

    · Broad ligament

    · Suspensory ligament

    · Uterine tube (fallopian tube)

    · Fimbriae

    · Infundibulum

    · Ampulla

    · Isthmus

    · Round ligaments

    · Uterus

    · Fundus

    · Body

    · Cervix

    · Cervical os

    · Layers

    · Endometrium

    · Myometrium

    · Perimetrium

    · Vagina

    · Fornix

    · Greater vestibular glands

    · Vulva

    · Mons pubis

    · Labia majora

    · Labia minora

    · Vestibule

    · Urethral orifice

    · Vaginal orifice

    · Clitoris

    · Mammary glands

    · Lobe

    · Lactiferous duct

    · Lactiferous sinus

    · Nipple

    · Areola

    **## Repro2.docx**

    **No plagarirsm**

    **Include references**

    **Identify All The Male Reproductive Structures List below on a diagram**

    Scrotum

    Cremaster muscle

    Testis (testes)

    Tunica albuginea

    Tunica vaginalis

    Seminiferous tubules

    Rete testis

    Epididymis – head, body, tail

    Spermatic cord

    Ductus deferens (vas deferens, vasa deferentia)

    Testicular arteries and veins

    Inguinal canal

    Ampulla of ductus deferens

    Seminal vesicle

    Prostate gland

    Ejaculatory duct

    Prostatic urethra

    Urogenital diaphragm

    Membranous urethra

    Bulbourethral gland (Cowper’s gland)

    Duct of bulbourethral gland

    Penis

    Corpus spongiosum

    Penile (spongy) urethra

    Corpus cavernosum

    Glans penis

    Prepuce (foreskin)

    External urethral orifice

    **Identify All The Female Reproductive Structures List below on a diagram**

    · Ovary

    · Ovarian follicles

    · Ovarian ligament

    · Broad ligament

    · Suspensory ligament

    · Uterine tube (fallopian tube)

    · Fimbriae

    · Infundibulum

    · Ampulla

    · Isthmus

    · Round ligaments

    · Uterus

    · Fundus

    · Body

    · Cervix

    · Cervical os

    · Layers

    · Endometrium

    · Myometrium

    · Perimetrium

    · Vagina

    · Fornix

    · Greater vestibular glands

    · Vulva

    · Mons pubis

    · Labia majora

    · Labia minora

    · Vestibule

    · Urethral orifice

    · Vaginal orifice

    · Clitoris

    · Mammary glands

    · Lobe

    · Lactiferous duct

    · Lactiferous sinus

    · Nipple

    · Areola

  • [Solved] DATA SOURCE LAYOUT

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    Research Question: **"Are New York State’s government administrative efforts in aiding the homeless more or less** **effective than nonprofit organizations?"** The dependent variable in this research study is the effectiveness of initiatives aimed at assisting individuals experiencing homelessness. …

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Research Question:

    **"Are New York State’s government administrative efforts in aiding the homeless more or less**

    **effective than nonprofit organizations?"**

    The dependent variable in this research study is the effectiveness of initiatives aimed

    at assisting individuals experiencing homelessness.

    **EXPLAIN:** What would be the data sources? (Pick from one of the two)

    If you choose to collect data from primary data sets, LIST and describe those sources in great detail  **OR**  If you choose to build your own dataset, lay out the process for building and justification for that dataset.

    – a year ago

  • [Solved] CPA2

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    – a year ago **files (1)** – ## CPA2Instructions.docx **## CPA2Instructions.docx** **Preparation:** In this assessment, you'll assess the effect of the health problem you've defined on the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual. Plan to spend at least 2 direct practi…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    – a year ago

    **files (1)**

    – ## CPA2Instructions.docx

    **## CPA2Instructions.docx**

    **Preparation:**

    In this assessment, you'll assess the effect of the health problem you've defined on the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual. Plan to spend at least 2 direct practicum hours working with the same patient, family, or group. During this time, you may also choose to consult with subject matter and industry experts.

    To prepare for the assessment:

    · Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide to ensure that you understand the work you will be asked to complete and how it will be assessed.

    · Conduct research of the scholarly and professional literature to inform your assessment and meet scholarly expectations for supporting evidence.

    · Review the
    Practicum Focus Sheet: Assessment 2 which provides guidance for conducting this portion of your practicum.

    ![A white text on a black background AI-generated content may be incorrect.](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/cpa2)

    **Instructions:**

    **Part 1**

    Assess the effect of the patient, family, or population problem you defined in the previous assessment on the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual. Plan to spend at least 2 practicum hours exploring these aspects of the problem with the patient, family, or group. During this time, you may also consult with subject matter and industry experts of your choice. Document the time spent (your practicum hours) with these individuals or group in the Capella Academic Portal Volunteer Experience Form. Use the
    Practicum Focus Sheet: Assessment 2 provided for this assessment to guide your work and interpersonal interactions.

    **Part 2**

    Report on your experiences during your first 2 practicum hours, including how you presented your ideas about the health problem to the patient, family, or group.

    · Whom did you meet with?

    · What did you learn from them?

    · Comment on the evidence-based practice (EBP) documents or websites you reviewed.

    · What did you learn from that review?

    · Share the process and experience of exploring the influence of leadership, collaboration, communication, change management, and policy on the problem.

    · What barriers, if any, did you encounter when presenting the problem to the patient, family, or group?

    · Did the patient, family, or group agree with you about the presence of the problem and its significance and relevance?

    · What leadership, communication, collaboration, or change management skills did you employ during your interactions to overcome these barriers or change the patient's, family's, or group's thinking about the problem (for example, creating a sense of urgency based on data or policy requirements)?

    · What changes, if any, did you make to your definition of the problem, based on your discussions?

    · What might you have done differently?

    **Requirements:**

    The assessment requirements, outlined below, correspond to the scoring guide criteria, so be sure to address each main point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. In addition, note the additional requirements for document format and length and for supporting evidence.

    · Explain how the patient, family, or population problem impacts the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Cite evidence that supports the stated impact.

    · Note whether the supporting evidence is consistent with what you see in your nursing practice.

    · Explain how state board nursing practice standards and/or organizational or governmental policies can affect the problem's impact on the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Describe research that has tested the effectiveness of these standards and/or policies in addressing care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Explain how these standards and/or policies will guide your actions in addressing care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Describe the effects of local, state, and federal policies or legislation on your nursing scope of practice, within the context of care quality, patient safety, and cost to the system and individual.

    · Propose strategies to improve the quality of care, enhance patient safety, and reduce costs to the system and individual.

    · Discuss research on the effectiveness of these strategies in addressing care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Identify relevant and available sources of benchmark data on care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Document the time spent (your practicum hours) with these individuals or group.

    · Use paraphrasing and summarization to represent ideas from external sources.

    · Apply APA style and formatting to scholarly writing.

    **Additional Requirements:**

    ·
    **Format**: Format your paper using APA style.
    APA Style Paper Tutorial is provided to help you in writing and formatting your paper. Be sure to include:

    · A title page and reference page. An abstract is not required.

    · Appropriate section headings.

    ·
    **Length**: Your paper should be approximately 5–7 pages in length, not including the reference page.

    ·
    **Supporting evidence**: Cite at least 5 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your central ideas. Resources should be no more than five years old. Provide in-text citations and references in APA format.

    ·
    **Proofreading**: Proofread your paper, before you submit it, to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on its substance.

    ## image1.png

    **## CPA2Instructions.docx**

    **Preparation:**

    In this assessment, you'll assess the effect of the health problem you've defined on the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual. Plan to spend at least 2 direct practicum hours working with the same patient, family, or group. During this time, you may also choose to consult with subject matter and industry experts.

    To prepare for the assessment:

    · Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide to ensure that you understand the work you will be asked to complete and how it will be assessed.

    · Conduct research of the scholarly and professional literature to inform your assessment and meet scholarly expectations for supporting evidence.

    · Review the
    Practicum Focus Sheet: Assessment 2 which provides guidance for conducting this portion of your practicum.

    ![A white text on a black background AI-generated content may be incorrect.](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/cpa2)

    **Instructions:**

    **Part 1**

    Assess the effect of the patient, family, or population problem you defined in the previous assessment on the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual. Plan to spend at least 2 practicum hours exploring these aspects of the problem with the patient, family, or group. During this time, you may also consult with subject matter and industry experts of your choice. Document the time spent (your practicum hours) with these individuals or group in the Capella Academic Portal Volunteer Experience Form. Use the
    Practicum Focus Sheet: Assessment 2 provided for this assessment to guide your work and interpersonal interactions.

    **Part 2**

    Report on your experiences during your first 2 practicum hours, including how you presented your ideas about the health problem to the patient, family, or group.

    · Whom did you meet with?

    · What did you learn from them?

    · Comment on the evidence-based practice (EBP) documents or websites you reviewed.

    · What did you learn from that review?

    · Share the process and experience of exploring the influence of leadership, collaboration, communication, change management, and policy on the problem.

    · What barriers, if any, did you encounter when presenting the problem to the patient, family, or group?

    · Did the patient, family, or group agree with you about the presence of the problem and its significance and relevance?

    · What leadership, communication, collaboration, or change management skills did you employ during your interactions to overcome these barriers or change the patient's, family's, or group's thinking about the problem (for example, creating a sense of urgency based on data or policy requirements)?

    · What changes, if any, did you make to your definition of the problem, based on your discussions?

    · What might you have done differently?

    **Requirements:**

    The assessment requirements, outlined below, correspond to the scoring guide criteria, so be sure to address each main point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. In addition, note the additional requirements for document format and length and for supporting evidence.

    · Explain how the patient, family, or population problem impacts the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Cite evidence that supports the stated impact.

    · Note whether the supporting evidence is consistent with what you see in your nursing practice.

    · Explain how state board nursing practice standards and/or organizational or governmental policies can affect the problem's impact on the quality of care, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Describe research that has tested the effectiveness of these standards and/or policies in addressing care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Explain how these standards and/or policies will guide your actions in addressing care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Describe the effects of local, state, and federal policies or legislation on your nursing scope of practice, within the context of care quality, patient safety, and cost to the system and individual.

    · Propose strategies to improve the quality of care, enhance patient safety, and reduce costs to the system and individual.

    · Discuss research on the effectiveness of these strategies in addressing care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Identify relevant and available sources of benchmark data on care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.

    · Document the time spent (your practicum hours) with these individuals or group.

    · Use paraphrasing and summarization to represent ideas from external sources.

    · Apply APA style and formatting to scholarly writing.

    **Additional Requirements:**

    ·
    **Format**: Format your paper using APA style.
    APA Style Paper Tutorial is provided to help you in writing and formatting your paper. Be sure to include:

    · A title page and reference page. An abstract is not required.

    · Appropriate section headings.

    ·
    **Length**: Your paper should be approximately 5–7 pages in length, not including the reference page.

    ·
    **Supporting evidence**: Cite at least 5 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your central ideas. Resources should be no more than five years old. Provide in-text citations and references in APA format.

    ·
    **Proofreading**: Proofread your paper, before you submit it, to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on its substance.

    ## image1.png