Executive Solution Overview
– 2 years ago **files (3)** – ## HealthPromotionProposalpart2.docx – ## Attemptfeedback.docx – ## DepressioninLow.edited1.pdf **## HealthPromotionProposalpart2.docx** **Health Promotion Proposal, Part 2** **This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one**, which you submit…
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– 2 years ago
**files (3)**
– ## HealthPromotionProposalpart2.docx
– ## Attemptfeedback.docx
– ## DepressioninLow.edited1.pdf
**## HealthPromotionProposalpart2.docx**
**Health Promotion Proposal, Part 2**
**This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one**, which you submitted previously.
Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.
**Directions**
You have already completed the steps 1-4.
**Do not resubmit part 1.** Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.
**For this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:**
**You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.**
Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.
· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.
· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).
· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.
**The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence** (1 paragraph).
· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).
· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).
· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word "conclusion" before the paragraph.
**Paper Requirements**
This assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.
**APA must be strictly followed.**
**Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).**
**Finish the essay with your reference page.**
**6 references**
**Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.**
**## Attemptfeedback.docx**
Attempt feedback
This submission shows commendable efforts in addressing depression among low-income populations and proposing community-based interventions. However, there are areas for improvement to enhance the overall development of the paper, particularly regarding the vulnerable population, statistical significance, and adherence to assignment requirements.
**Promising Theoretical Framework**:
· The use of the human ecological model is an excellent choice as it considers multiple levels of influence—individual, interpersonal, community, and societal—on mental health. This comprehensive approach aligns well with the complexities of addressing depression in low-income populations.
**Cultural Relevance and Accessibility**:
· The submission highlights the importance of culturally tailored interventions and community-based approaches, such as peer support and task-shifting. These strategies are effective in improving treatment adherence and overcoming barriers faced by disadvantaged communities.
**Integration of Evidence-Based Interventions**:
· The literature review incorporates practical interventions like peer support and task-shifting, with both approaches showing measurable benefits in mental health outcomes. This shows thoughtfulness in applying evidence to address the issue.
**Areas for Improvement:**
1.
**Insufficient Number of References**:
· The student did not include the required minimum of six scholarly references, which negatively affected the paper’s development. Without meeting this requirement, the paper lacks the depth and breadth of evidence needed to fully support the proposed strategies. Adding more peer-reviewed studies, especially those addressing diverse geographic areas and long-term impacts, would strengthen the submission.
**Underdeveloped Vulnerable Population Description**:
· The vulnerable population section does not sufficiently explore specific groups or provide detailed statistical evidence of their risk factors. Including more data, such as prevalence rates of untreated depression among low-income individuals or disparities in healthcare access, would enhance the significance of the discussion.
**Limited Statistical Context**:
· The submission includes brief mentions of depression rates, but it lacks robust statistical support. Incorporating detailed statistics and trends, such as rates of untreated depression or disparities in mental health outcomes, would add weight to the argument and make the issue’s scope more compelling.
**Lack of Measurable Program Objectives**:
· While the submission discusses general strategies for addressing depression, it would benefit from setting clear, measurable objectives. For example, establishing goals such as a percentage increase in treatment adherence or reduction in depressive symptoms over a specific timeframe would add clarity and focus to the proposal.
**Sustainability Strategies**:
· The paper should elaborate on how interventions like task-shifting and peer support can be sustained long-term, such as through funding mechanisms, policy advocacy, or partnerships with community organizations.
**Suggested Strategies and Areas for Improvement:**
**Expand References**:
· Include additional scholarly articles addressing depression interventions, such as those exploring long-term outcomes, rural populations, or policy-based approaches. Platforms like PubMed, JSTOR, and PsycINFO can be utilized for locating relevant studies.
**Enhance the Vulnerable Population Section**:
· Provide a more detailed and data-driven analysis of the low-income population's risk factors, including statistics on depression prevalence, healthcare access gaps, and social determinants of health.
**Incorporate Statistical Context**:
· Use credible sources to provide detailed statistics on untreated depression, disparities in mental health treatment, and outcomes among low-income populations.
**Define Specific Objectives**:
· Set measurable program goals, such as increasing access to mental health services or achieving a particular improvement in depression symptoms among participants.
**Focus on Sustainability**:
· Develop a plan for sustaining interventions through funding, community partnerships, and policy reforms.
**Resources for Improvement:**
**University Writing Center**:
· Schedule one-on-one tutoring sessions for feedback on expanding content, improving statistical analysis, and addressing gaps in development.
**Library Databases**:
· Use academic resources like PubMed, JSTOR, and Google Scholar to identify additional articles and evidence to enhance the literature review.
This submission demonstrates a solid foundation for addressing depression through community-based interventions and culturally relevant strategies. However, addressing the insufficient number of references, enhancing the vulnerable population section, and incorporating detailed statistical evidence would significantly improve the paper’s depth and impact.
Show more
Rubric
Rubric Result
**87.2/ 100**
·
**Integration of Knowledge**
25% of total result
**20**
**Satisfactory**
The paper demonstrates that the author, mostly, understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. Some conclusions, however, are not supported in the body of the paper. Questions were not fully developed but concepts are explained well.
·
**Topic Focus**
25% of total result
**25**
**Excellent**
The topic is focused narrowly enough for the scope of this assignment. A thesis statement provides direction for the paper, either by a statement of a position or hypothesis. The topic is consistently well thought out, thorough offers insight into the topic, and includes cited evidence to support the topic.
·
**Depth of Discussion and Cohesiveness**
25% of total result
**20**
**Satisfactory**
In-depth discussion and elaboration in most sections of the paper. Mostly, it ties together information from all sources. Paper flows with only some disjointedness. The author’s writing demonstrates an understanding of the relationship among material obtained from all sources. There is an introduction and a conclusion in the submission.
·
**Sources**
7% of total result
**4.2**
**Unsatisfactory**
Used 4 current sources which are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. All websites utilized are credible.
·
**APA adherence and Citation in text**
6% of total result
**6**
**Excellent**
Fewer than 5 incomplete citations and/or quotations, and APA format errors
·
**Spelling and Grammar**
12% of total result
**12**
**Excellent**
Fewer than 5 grammatical, spelling, capitalization, or punctuation errors The required word count has been met.
**## DepressioninLow.edited1.pdf**
1
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Eliecer M Rodriguez
FNU
Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
March 15, 2025
2
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Depression is a severe mental disorder that affects so many people across the globe. It is
especially common among poor people, who often live under tremendous stress and financial
difficulty and with limited access to mental health care. Depression is one of the significant
causes of disability, as reported by the World Health Organization, and it affects about over 200
million people globally. In the US, data from the National Institute of Mental Health shows that
people living in poverty are more than twice as likely to experience depression as those with
more income. This proposal will seek to improve mental health among poor people through
depression education, building community support networks, and increasing access to mental
health services. The expected result is a decrease in the number of people suffering from
depression and their mental health improvement. It will be measured by tracking the number of
people participating in the program and having better access to mental health care.
Vulnerable Population
Poor people are more vulnerable to depression due to the various challenges they
encounter, including economic instability, limited healthcare access, and poor living conditions.
Economic instability leads to stress, thus increasing the risk of mental illness development. Most
people in poor communities struggle with basic needs such as food, suitable housing, and
employment (Martinez et al., 2021). Such social determinants of health make it difficult to enjoy
good mental health. Furthermore, people in poverty do not access professional mental health
services due to unaffordability, stigma, and lack of awareness of the services available, thus the
high rate of untreated depression. Racial and ethnic minority groups among people with low
incomes suffer even more significant disparities in mental health care. Research conducted by
the American Psychological Association shows that African American and Hispanic patients
3
have more untreated depression than white patients (American Psychological Association, 2017).
It is due to social issues, dialect boundaries, and systemic inequalities in healthcare access.
Review of Literature
Giebel et al. (2022) researched how community-based interventions affect depression
treatment in low-income communities. It showed that peer support methods and culturally
adjusted therapy improved mental health outcomes. Depression patients received peer support
interventions that connected them to others having depression experience so they would develop
improved feelings while reducing their isolation perception. The treatment interventions went
through cultural adaptation to fit the orientation of each participant, thus making them more
accessible and acceptable. Research showed that group therapeutic activities and social support
groups created the most successful act of treatment adherence. The participants exposed to
intervention techniques were likelier to maintain therapy appointments, join therapeutic
discussions, and adhere to treatment protocols. Symptom of become less among the unprivileged
due to therapy interventions that provided them with both emotional support and coping
mechanisms. Furthermore, Matteo Bessone et al. (2024) also researched the application of
depression care techniques that involved task-shifting with trained lay health workers. Shift
supervision strategies require non skilled staff to take over certain functions that were previously
allocated to a psychologist after being taught to them. The use of such care services was made
easier through this method for patients who were both challenged in receiving care from trained
non-staffs managed to significantly improve the intensity of their depression. The teachers
provided counseling services accompanied with education and emotional support to the patients.
In addition, trained health workers attended to patients who were able to use techniques for
4
symptom relieve. The success of task shifting shows that even a small amount of training in
mental healthcare can enable non-professionals to provide basic care.
Evaluation of Literature
Research performed by Giebel et al. (2022) and the study reported by Bessone et al.
(2024) collectively produce significant findings about successful mental health treatment
methods aimed at low-income populations dealing with depressive symptoms. According to
Giebel et al. (2022) successful mental health intervention programs need to develop specific
cultural approaches treating social along with psychological mental health risk factors. The
research demonstrates that peer support best practices foster community membership while
lowering stigma which results in superior treatment results. This research study investigates
urban populations only so it cannot provide complete results about depression experiences in
rural low-income populations.
Bessone et al. (2024) introduce a cost-effective system by developing lay health
employees to deliver mental health support to communities that lack access to qualified medical
providers. Communities with critical specialist shortages find this approach beneficial because it
creates broad access to essential services. The approach decreases pressure on the healthcare
system by using community members to deliver implemented interventions. The efficacy of this
intervention depends on both the implementation of quality training sessions for lay health
workers and adequate supervision programs. The combination of peer support initiatives with
trained non-specialist mental health employees represents the most practical solution for
reducing depression rates in low-income communities. Community-based peer support, together
with trained non-specialist mental health workers, presents a possible solution to health care
deficits through effective and reachable services. A combined model would utilize culturally
5
specific interventions by task-sharing the workload to address professional shortages. Several
support systems incorporated into this strategy would create comprehensive care that produces
better mental health results for disadvantaged people in city and country areas.
Theoretical Framework
The human ecological model acts as a framework for fully considering the many different
factors that affect an individual’s mental health, and it is particularly useful in dealing with
depression among lower socioeconomic groups. It deals with problems at several levels;
individual, interpersonal, community, and societal, which increases the likelihood of developing
feasible solutions (Kleinman et al., 2023). Individual educational intervention on depression and
coping techniques represents the most fundamental and essential form of psychiatric care. A
significant portion of the low income population has a major health literacy problem which is a
combination of not knowing and misunderstanding the services that are offered. Using
workshops, webinars, and local community programs assist them in recognizing their problems
and taking initiative to receive appropriate care.
Moreover, passing on useful skills in problem-solving, and resilience training equips
individuals to navigate a range of life challenges effectively. Addressing mental health issues at
the personal level puts the groundwork for self-care practices and reduces the incidence of
untreated depression. Supportive relationships are crucial in safeguarding against depression and
mitigating the effects of loneliness and economic hardships. A scalable mental health care
system necessitates collaborative efforts with community clinics, faith-based organizations, and
non-profits, particularly in economically disadvantaged areas, to enhance the availability of
services. Task-shifting offers a viable solution to the shortage of specialized health professionals
by equipping general healthcare providers with essential skills for delivering mental health
6
services. Policy reforms must tackle limitations in insurance coverage and the integration of
primary care services to ensure comprehensive mental health support. The proposed style,
grounded in the SEM, aims to put various involvement that will improve accessibility and
sustainability, and reducing depression among low-income populations.
7
References
American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethnic and Racial Minorities & Socioeconomic
Status. American Psychological Association.
https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/publications/minorities
Giebel, C., Shrestha, N., Reilly, S., White, R. G., Zuluaga, M. I., Saldarriaga, G., Liu, G., Allen,
D., & Gabbay, M. (2022). Community-based mental health and well-being interventions
for older adults in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-
analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 773. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03453-1
Kleinman, M. B., Anvari, M. S., Seitz-Brown, C. J., Bradley, V. D., Tralka, H., Felton, J. W.,
Belcher, A. M., Greenblatt, A. D., & Magidson, J. F. (2023). Psychosocial challenges
affecting patient-defined medication for opioid use disorder treatment outcomes in a low-
income, underserved population: Application of the social-ecological framework. Journal
of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment, 149, 209046.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.josat.2023.209046
Martinez, S. M., Esaryk, E. E., Moffat, L., & Ritchie, L. (2021). Redefining Basic Needs for
Higher Education: It is More Than Minimal Food and Housing According to California
University Students. American Journal of Health Promotion, 35(6), 089011712199229.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117121992295
Matteo Bessone, Bianco, F. L., & Gianluca D'Amico. (2024). Transforming clinical psychology:
An ecological and psychopolitical perspective. An Italian and global case. RIVISTA DI
PSICOLOGIA CLINICA, 1, 35–60. https://doi.org/10.3280/rpc1-2024oa18051
Nora Hernandez-Pupo
6 references required- 5 used but inly 4 were current
– Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
– Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
– References
**## DepressioninLow.edited1.pdf**
1
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Eliecer M Rodriguez
FNU
Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
March 15, 2025
2
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Depression is a severe mental disorder that affects so many people across the globe. It is
especially common among poor people, who often live under tremendous stress and financial
difficulty and with limited access to mental health care. Depression is one of the significant
causes of disability, as reported by the World Health Organization, and it affects about over 200
million people globally. In the US, data from the National Institute of Mental Health shows that
people living in poverty are more than twice as likely to experience depression as those with
more income. This proposal will seek to improve mental health among poor people through
depression education, building community support networks, and increasing access to mental
health services. The expected result is a decrease in the number of people suffering from
depression and their mental health improvement. It will be measured by tracking the number of
people participating in the program and having better access to mental health care.
Vulnerable Population
Poor people are more vulnerable to depression due to the various challenges they
encounter, including economic instability, limited healthcare access, and poor living conditions.
Economic instability leads to stress, thus increasing the risk of mental illness development. Most
people in poor communities struggle with basic needs such as food, suitable housing, and
employment (Martinez et al., 2021). Such social determinants of health make it difficult to enjoy
good mental health. Furthermore, people in poverty do not access professional mental health
services due to unaffordability, stigma, and lack of awareness of the services available, thus the
high rate of untreated depression. Racial and ethnic minority groups among people with low
incomes suffer even more significant disparities in mental health care. Research conducted by
the American Psychological Association shows that African American and Hispanic patients
3
have more untreated depression than white patients (American Psychological Association, 2017).
It is due to social issues, dialect boundaries, and systemic inequalities in healthcare access.
Review of Literature
Giebel et al. (2022) researched how community-based interventions affect depression
treatment in low-income communities. It showed that peer support methods and culturally
adjusted therapy improved mental health outcomes. Depression patients received peer support
interventions that connected them to others having depression experience so they would develop
improved feelings while reducing their isolation perception. The treatment interventions went
through cultural adaptation to fit the orientation of each participant, thus making them more
accessible and acceptable. Research showed that group therapeutic activities and social support
groups created the most successful act of treatment adherence. The participants exposed to
intervention techniques were likelier to maintain therapy appointments, join therapeutic
discussions, and adhere to treatment protocols. Symptom of become less among the unprivileged
due to therapy interventions that provided them with both emotional support and coping
mechanisms. Furthermore, Matteo Bessone et al. (2024) also researched the application of
depression care techniques that involved task-shifting with trained lay health workers. Shift
supervision strategies require non skilled staff to take over certain functions that were previously
allocated to a psychologist after being taught to them. The use of such care services was made
easier through this method for patients who were both challenged in receiving care from trained
non-staffs managed to significantly improve the intensity of their depression. The teachers
provided counseling services accompanied with education and emotional support to the patients.
In addition, trained health workers attended to patients who were able to use techniques for
4
symptom relieve. The success of task shifting shows that even a small amount of training in
mental healthcare can enable non-professionals to provide basic care.
Evaluation of Literature
Research performed by Giebel et al. (2022) and the study reported by Bessone et al.
(2024) collectively produce significant findings about successful mental health treatment
methods aimed at low-income populations dealing with depressive symptoms. According to
Giebel et al. (2022) successful mental health intervention programs need to develop specific
cultural approaches treating social along with psychological mental health risk factors. The
research demonstrates that peer support best practices foster community membership while
lowering stigma which results in superior treatment results. This research study investigates
urban populations only so it cannot provide complete results about depression experiences in
rural low-income populations.
Bessone et al. (2024) introduce a cost-effective system by developing lay health
employees to deliver mental health support to communities that lack access to qualified medical
providers. Communities with critical specialist shortages find this approach beneficial because it
creates broad access to essential services. The approach decreases pressure on the healthcare
system by using community members to deliver implemented interventions. The efficacy of this
intervention depends on both the implementation of quality training sessions for lay health
workers and adequate supervision programs. The combination of peer support initiatives with
trained non-specialist mental health employees represents the most practical solution for
reducing depression rates in low-income communities. Community-based peer support, together
with trained non-specialist mental health workers, presents a possible solution to health care
deficits through effective and reachable services. A combined model would utilize culturally
5
specific interventions by task-sharing the workload to address professional shortages. Several
support systems incorporated into this strategy would create comprehensive care that produces
better mental health results for disadvantaged people in city and country areas.
Theoretical Framework
The human ecological model acts as a framework for fully considering the many different
factors that affect an individual’s mental health, and it is particularly useful in dealing with
depression among lower socioeconomic groups. It deals with problems at several levels;
individual, interpersonal, community, and societal, which increases the likelihood of developing
feasible solutions (Kleinman et al., 2023). Individual educational intervention on depression and
coping techniques represents the most fundamental and essential form of psychiatric care. A
significant portion of the low income population has a major health literacy problem which is a
combination of not knowing and misunderstanding the services that are offered. Using
workshops, webinars, and local community programs assist them in recognizing their problems
and taking initiative to receive appropriate care.
Moreover, passing on useful skills in problem-solving, and resilience training equips
individuals to navigate a range of life challenges effectively. Addressing mental health issues at
the personal level puts the groundwork for self-care practices and reduces the incidence of
untreated depression. Supportive relationships are crucial in safeguarding against depression and
mitigating the effects of loneliness and economic hardships. A scalable mental health care
system necessitates collaborative efforts with community clinics, faith-based organizations, and
non-profits, particularly in economically disadvantaged areas, to enhance the availability of
services. Task-shifting offers a viable solution to the shortage of specialized health professionals
by equipping general healthcare providers with essential skills for delivering mental health
6
services. Policy reforms must tackle limitations in insurance coverage and the integration of
primary care services to ensure comprehensive mental health support. The proposed style,
grounded in the SEM, aims to put various involvement that will improve accessibility and
sustainability, and reducing depression among low-income populations.
7
References
American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethnic and Racial Minorities & Socioeconomic
Status. American Psychological Association.
https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/publications/minorities
Giebel, C., Shrestha, N., Reilly, S., White, R. G., Zuluaga, M. I., Saldarriaga, G., Liu, G., Allen,
D., & Gabbay, M. (2022). Community-based mental health and well-being interventions
for older adults in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-
analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 773. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03453-1
Kleinman, M. B., Anvari, M. S., Seitz-Brown, C. J., Bradley, V. D., Tralka, H., Felton, J. W.,
Belcher, A. M., Greenblatt, A. D., & Magidson, J. F. (2023). Psychosocial challenges
affecting patient-defined medication for opioid use disorder treatment outcomes in a low-
income, underserved population: Application of the social-ecological framework. Journal
of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment, 149, 209046.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.josat.2023.209046
Martinez, S. M., Esaryk, E. E., Moffat, L., & Ritchie, L. (2021). Redefining Basic Needs for
Higher Education: It is More Than Minimal Food and Housing According to California
University Students. American Journal of Health Promotion, 35(6), 089011712199229.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117121992295
Matteo Bessone, Bianco, F. L., & Gianluca D'Amico. (2024). Transforming clinical psychology:
An ecological and psychopolitical perspective. An Italian and global case. RIVISTA DI
PSICOLOGIA CLINICA, 1, 35–60. https://doi.org/10.3280/rpc1-2024oa18051
Nora Hernandez-Pupo
6 references required- 5 used but inly 4 were current
– Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
– Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
– References
**## HealthPromotionProposalpart2.docx**
**Health Promotion Proposal, Part 2**
**This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one**, which you submitted previously.
Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.
**Directions**
You have already completed the steps 1-4.
**Do not resubmit part 1.** Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.
**For this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:**
**You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.**
Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.
· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.
· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).
· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.
**The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence** (1 paragraph).
· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).
· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).
· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word "conclusion" before the paragraph.
**Paper Requirements**
This assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.
**APA must be strictly followed.**
**Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).**
**Finish the essay with your reference page.**
**6 references**
**Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.**
**## Attemptfeedback.docx**
Attempt feedback
This submission shows commendable efforts in addressing depression among low-income populations and proposing community-based interventions. However, there are areas for improvement to enhance the overall development of the paper, particularly regarding the vulnerable population, statistical significance, and adherence to assignment requirements.
**Promising Theoretical Framework**:
· The use of the human ecological model is an excellent choice as it considers multiple levels of influence—individual, interpersonal, community, and societal—on mental health. This comprehensive approach aligns well with the complexities of addressing depression in low-income populations.
**Cultural Relevance and Accessibility**:
· The submission highlights the importance of culturally tailored interventions and community-based approaches, such as peer support and task-shifting. These strategies are effective in improving treatment adherence and overcoming barriers faced by disadvantaged communities.
**Integration of Evidence-Based Interventions**:
· The literature review incorporates practical interventions like peer support and task-shifting, with both approaches showing measurable benefits in mental health outcomes. This shows thoughtfulness in applying evidence to address the issue.
**Areas for Improvement:**
1.
**Insufficient Number of References**:
· The student did not include the required minimum of six scholarly references, which negatively affected the paper’s development. Without meeting this requirement, the paper lacks the depth and breadth of evidence needed to fully support the proposed strategies. Adding more peer-reviewed studies, especially those addressing diverse geographic areas and long-term impacts, would strengthen the submission.
**Underdeveloped Vulnerable Population Description**:
· The vulnerable population section does not sufficiently explore specific groups or provide detailed statistical evidence of their risk factors. Including more data, such as prevalence rates of untreated depression among low-income individuals or disparities in healthcare access, would enhance the significance of the discussion.
**Limited Statistical Context**:
· The submission includes brief mentions of depression rates, but it lacks robust statistical support. Incorporating detailed statistics and trends, such as rates of untreated depression or disparities in mental health outcomes, would add weight to the argument and make the issue’s scope more compelling.
**Lack of Measurable Program Objectives**:
· While the submission discusses general strategies for addressing depression, it would benefit from setting clear, measurable objectives. For example, establishing goals such as a percentage increase in treatment adherence or reduction in depressive symptoms over a specific timeframe would add clarity and focus to the proposal.
**Sustainability Strategies**:
· The paper should elaborate on how interventions like task-shifting and peer support can be sustained long-term, such as through funding mechanisms, policy advocacy, or partnerships with community organizations.
**Suggested Strategies and Areas for Improvement:**
**Expand References**:
· Include additional scholarly articles addressing depression interventions, such as those exploring long-term outcomes, rural populations, or policy-based approaches. Platforms like PubMed, JSTOR, and PsycINFO can be utilized for locating relevant studies.
**Enhance the Vulnerable Population Section**:
· Provide a more detailed and data-driven analysis of the low-income population's risk factors, including statistics on depression prevalence, healthcare access gaps, and social determinants of health.
**Incorporate Statistical Context**:
· Use credible sources to provide detailed statistics on untreated depression, disparities in mental health treatment, and outcomes among low-income populations.
**Define Specific Objectives**:
· Set measurable program goals, such as increasing access to mental health services or achieving a particular improvement in depression symptoms among participants.
**Focus on Sustainability**:
· Develop a plan for sustaining interventions through funding, community partnerships, and policy reforms.
**Resources for Improvement:**
**University Writing Center**:
· Schedule one-on-one tutoring sessions for feedback on expanding content, improving statistical analysis, and addressing gaps in development.
**Library Databases**:
· Use academic resources like PubMed, JSTOR, and Google Scholar to identify additional articles and evidence to enhance the literature review.
This submission demonstrates a solid foundation for addressing depression through community-based interventions and culturally relevant strategies. However, addressing the insufficient number of references, enhancing the vulnerable population section, and incorporating detailed statistical evidence would significantly improve the paper’s depth and impact.
Show more
Rubric
Rubric Result
**87.2/ 100**
·
**Integration of Knowledge**
25% of total result
**20**
**Satisfactory**
The paper demonstrates that the author, mostly, understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. Some conclusions, however, are not supported in the body of the paper. Questions were not fully developed but concepts are explained well.
·
**Topic Focus**
25% of total result
**25**
**Excellent**
The topic is focused narrowly enough for the scope of this assignment. A thesis statement provides direction for the paper, either by a statement of a position or hypothesis. The topic is consistently well thought out, thorough offers insight into the topic, and includes cited evidence to support the topic.
·
**Depth of Discussion and Cohesiveness**
25% of total result
**20**
**Satisfactory**
In-depth discussion and elaboration in most sections of the paper. Mostly, it ties together information from all sources. Paper flows with only some disjointedness. The author’s writing demonstrates an understanding of the relationship among material obtained from all sources. There is an introduction and a conclusion in the submission.
·
**Sources**
7% of total result
**4.2**
**Unsatisfactory**
Used 4 current sources which are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. All websites utilized are credible.
·
**APA adherence and Citation in text**
6% of total result
**6**
**Excellent**
Fewer than 5 incomplete citations and/or quotations, and APA format errors
·
**Spelling and Grammar**
12% of total result
**12**
**Excellent**
Fewer than 5 grammatical, spelling, capitalization, or punctuation errors The required word count has been met.
**## DepressioninLow.edited1.pdf**
1
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Eliecer M Rodriguez
FNU
Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
March 15, 2025
2
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Depression is a severe mental disorder that affects so many people across the globe. It is
especially common among poor people, who often live under tremendous stress and financial
difficulty and with limited access to mental health care. Depression is one of the significant
causes of disability, as reported by the World Health Organization, and it affects about over 200
million people globally. In the US, data from the National Institute of Mental Health shows that
people living in poverty are more than twice as likely to experience depression as those with
more income. This proposal will seek to improve mental health among poor people through
depression education, building community support networks, and increasing access to mental
health services. The expected result is a decrease in the number of people suffering from
depression and their mental health improvement. It will be measured by tracking the number of
people participating in the program and having better access to mental health care.
Vulnerable Population
Poor people are more vulnerable to depression due to the various challenges they
encounter, including economic instability, limited healthcare access, and poor living conditions.
Economic instability leads to stress, thus increasing the risk of mental illness development. Most
people in poor communities struggle with basic needs such as food, suitable housing, and
employment (Martinez et al., 2021). Such social determinants of health make it difficult to enjoy
good mental health. Furthermore, people in poverty do not access professional mental health
services due to unaffordability, stigma, and lack of awareness of the services available, thus the
high rate of untreated depression. Racial and ethnic minority groups among people with low
incomes suffer even more significant disparities in mental health care. Research conducted by
the American Psychological Association shows that African American and Hispanic patients
3
have more untreated depression than white patients (American Psychological Association, 2017).
It is due to social issues, dialect boundaries, and systemic inequalities in healthcare access.
Review of Literature
Giebel et al. (2022) researched how community-based interventions affect depression
treatment in low-income communities. It showed that peer support methods and culturally
adjusted therapy improved mental health outcomes. Depression patients received peer support
interventions that connected them to others having depression experience so they would develop
improved feelings while reducing their isolation perception. The treatment interventions went
through cultural adaptation to fit the orientation of each participant, thus making them more
accessible and acceptable. Research showed that group therapeutic activities and social support
groups created the most successful act of treatment adherence. The participants exposed to
intervention techniques were likelier to maintain therapy appointments, join therapeutic
discussions, and adhere to treatment protocols. Symptom of become less among the unprivileged
due to therapy interventions that provided them with both emotional support and coping
mechanisms. Furthermore, Matteo Bessone et al. (2024) also researched the application of
depression care techniques that involved task-shifting with trained lay health workers. Shift
supervision strategies require non skilled staff to take over certain functions that were previously
allocated to a psychologist after being taught to them. The use of such care services was made
easier through this method for patients who were both challenged in receiving care from trained
non-staffs managed to significantly improve the intensity of their depression. The teachers
provided counseling services accompanied with education and emotional support to the patients.
In addition, trained health workers attended to patients who were able to use techniques for
4
symptom relieve. The success of task shifting shows that even a small amount of training in
mental healthcare can enable non-professionals to provide basic care.
Evaluation of Literature
Research performed by Giebel et al. (2022) and the study reported by Bessone et al.
(2024) collectively produce significant findings about successful mental health treatment
methods aimed at low-income populations dealing with depressive symptoms. According to
Giebel et al. (2022) successful mental health intervention programs need to develop specific
cultural approaches treating social along with psychological mental health risk factors. The
research demonstrates that peer support best practices foster community membership while
lowering stigma which results in superior treatment results. This research study investigates
urban populations only so it cannot provide complete results about depression experiences in
rural low-income populations.
Bessone et al. (2024) introduce a cost-effective system by developing lay health
employees to deliver mental health support to communities that lack access to qualified medical
providers. Communities with critical specialist shortages find this approach beneficial because it
creates broad access to essential services. The approach decreases pressure on the healthcare
system by using community members to deliver implemented interventions. The efficacy of this
intervention depends on both the implementation of quality training sessions for lay health
workers and adequate supervision programs. The combination of peer support initiatives with
trained non-specialist mental health employees represents the most practical solution for
reducing depression rates in low-income communities. Community-based peer support, together
with trained non-specialist mental health workers, presents a possible solution to health care
deficits through effective and reachable services. A combined model would utilize culturally
5
specific interventions by task-sharing the workload to address professional shortages. Several
support systems incorporated into this strategy would create comprehensive care that produces
better mental health results for disadvantaged people in city and country areas.
Theoretical Framework
The human ecological model acts as a framework for fully considering the many different
factors that affect an individual’s mental health, and it is particularly useful in dealing with
depression among lower socioeconomic groups. It deals with problems at several levels;
individual, interpersonal, community, and societal, which increases the likelihood of developing
feasible solutions (Kleinman et al., 2023). Individual educational intervention on depression and
coping techniques represents the most fundamental and essential form of psychiatric care. A
significant portion of the low income population has a major health literacy problem which is a
combination of not knowing and misunderstanding the services that are offered. Using
workshops, webinars, and local community programs assist them in recognizing their problems
and taking initiative to receive appropriate care.
Moreover, passing on useful skills in problem-solving, and resilience training equips
individuals to navigate a range of life challenges effectively. Addressing mental health issues at
the personal level puts the groundwork for self-care practices and reduces the incidence of
untreated depression. Supportive relationships are crucial in safeguarding against depression and
mitigating the effects of loneliness and economic hardships. A scalable mental health care
system necessitates collaborative efforts with community clinics, faith-based organizations, and
non-profits, particularly in economically disadvantaged areas, to enhance the availability of
services. Task-shifting offers a viable solution to the shortage of specialized health professionals
by equipping general healthcare providers with essential skills for delivering mental health
6
services. Policy reforms must tackle limitations in insurance coverage and the integration of
primary care services to ensure comprehensive mental health support. The proposed style,
grounded in the SEM, aims to put various involvement that will improve accessibility and
sustainability, and reducing depression among low-income populations.
7
References
American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethnic and Racial Minorities & Socioeconomic
Status. American Psychological Association.
https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/publications/minorities
Giebel, C., Shrestha, N., Reilly, S., White, R. G., Zuluaga, M. I., Saldarriaga, G., Liu, G., Allen,
D., & Gabbay, M. (2022). Community-based mental health and well-being interventions
for older adults in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-
analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 773. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03453-1
Kleinman, M. B., Anvari, M. S., Seitz-Brown, C. J., Bradley, V. D., Tralka, H., Felton, J. W.,
Belcher, A. M., Greenblatt, A. D., & Magidson, J. F. (2023). Psychosocial challenges
affecting patient-defined medication for opioid use disorder treatment outcomes in a low-
income, underserved population: Application of the social-ecological framework. Journal
of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment, 149, 209046.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.josat.2023.209046
Martinez, S. M., Esaryk, E. E., Moffat, L., & Ritchie, L. (2021). Redefining Basic Needs for
Higher Education: It is More Than Minimal Food and Housing According to California
University Students. American Journal of Health Promotion, 35(6), 089011712199229.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117121992295
Matteo Bessone, Bianco, F. L., & Gianluca D'Amico. (2024). Transforming clinical psychology:
An ecological and psychopolitical perspective. An Italian and global case. RIVISTA DI
PSICOLOGIA CLINICA, 1, 35–60. https://doi.org/10.3280/rpc1-2024oa18051
Nora Hernandez-Pupo
6 references required- 5 used but inly 4 were current
– Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
– Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
– References
**## HealthPromotionProposalpart2.docx**
**Health Promotion Proposal, Part 2**
**This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one**, which you submitted previously.
Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.
**Directions**
You have already completed the steps 1-4.
**Do not resubmit part 1.** Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.
**For this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:**
**You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.**
Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.
· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.
· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).
· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.
**The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence** (1 paragraph).
· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).
· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).
· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word "conclusion" before the paragraph.
**Paper Requirements**
This assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.
**APA must be strictly followed.**
**Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).**
**Finish the essay with your reference page.**
**6 references**
**Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.**
**## Attemptfeedback.docx**
Attempt feedback
This submission shows commendable efforts in addressing depression among low-income populations and proposing community-based interventions. However, there are areas for improvement to enhance the overall development of the paper, particularly regarding the vulnerable population, statistical significance, and adherence to assignment requirements.
**Promising Theoretical Framework**:
· The use of the human ecological model is an excellent choice as it considers multiple levels of influence—individual, interpersonal, community, and societal—on mental health. This comprehensive approach aligns well with the complexities of addressing depression in low-income populations.
**Cultural Relevance and Accessibility**:
· The submission highlights the importance of culturally tailored interventions and community-based approaches, such as peer support and task-shifting. These strategies are effective in improving treatment adherence and overcoming barriers faced by disadvantaged communities.
**Integration of Evidence-Based Interventions**:
· The literature review incorporates practical interventions like peer support and task-shifting, with both approaches showing measurable benefits in mental health outcomes. This shows thoughtfulness in applying evidence to address the issue.
**Areas for Improvement:**
1.
**Insufficient Number of References**:
· The student did not include the required minimum of six scholarly references, which negatively affected the paper’s development. Without meeting this requirement, the paper lacks the depth and breadth of evidence needed to fully support the proposed strategies. Adding more peer-reviewed studies, especially those addressing diverse geographic areas and long-term impacts, would strengthen the submission.
**Underdeveloped Vulnerable Population Description**:
· The vulnerable population section does not sufficiently explore specific groups or provide detailed statistical evidence of their risk factors. Including more data, such as prevalence rates of untreated depression among low-income individuals or disparities in healthcare access, would enhance the significance of the discussion.
**Limited Statistical Context**:
· The submission includes brief mentions of depression rates, but it lacks robust statistical support. Incorporating detailed statistics and trends, such as rates of untreated depression or disparities in mental health outcomes, would add weight to the argument and make the issue’s scope more compelling.
**Lack of Measurable Program Objectives**:
· While the submission discusses general strategies for addressing depression, it would benefit from setting clear, measurable objectives. For example, establishing goals such as a percentage increase in treatment adherence or reduction in depressive symptoms over a specific timeframe would add clarity and focus to the proposal.
**Sustainability Strategies**:
· The paper should elaborate on how interventions like task-shifting and peer support can be sustained long-term, such as through funding mechanisms, policy advocacy, or partnerships with community organizations.
**Suggested Strategies and Areas for Improvement:**
**Expand References**:
· Include additional scholarly articles addressing depression interventions, such as those exploring long-term outcomes, rural populations, or policy-based approaches. Platforms like PubMed, JSTOR, and PsycINFO can be utilized for locating relevant studies.
**Enhance the Vulnerable Population Section**:
· Provide a more detailed and data-driven analysis of the low-income population's risk factors, including statistics on depression prevalence, healthcare access gaps, and social determinants of health.
**Incorporate Statistical Context**:
· Use credible sources to provide detailed statistics on untreated depression, disparities in mental health treatment, and outcomes among low-income populations.
**Define Specific Objectives**:
· Set measurable program goals, such as increasing access to mental health services or achieving a particular improvement in depression symptoms among participants.
**Focus on Sustainability**:
· Develop a plan for sustaining interventions through funding, community partnerships, and policy reforms.
**Resources for Improvement:**
**University Writing Center**:
· Schedule one-on-one tutoring sessions for feedback on expanding content, improving statistical analysis, and addressing gaps in development.
**Library Databases**:
· Use academic resources like PubMed, JSTOR, and Google Scholar to identify additional articles and evidence to enhance the literature review.
This submission demonstrates a solid foundation for addressing depression through community-based interventions and culturally relevant strategies. However, addressing the insufficient number of references, enhancing the vulnerable population section, and incorporating detailed statistical evidence would significantly improve the paper’s depth and impact.
Show more
Rubric
Rubric Result
**87.2/ 100**
·
**Integration of Knowledge**
25% of total result
**20**
**Satisfactory**
The paper demonstrates that the author, mostly, understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. Some conclusions, however, are not supported in the body of the paper. Questions were not fully developed but concepts are explained well.
·
**Topic Focus**
25% of total result
**25**
**Excellent**
The topic is focused narrowly enough for the scope of this assignment. A thesis statement provides direction for the paper, either by a statement of a position or hypothesis. The topic is consistently well thought out, thorough offers insight into the topic, and includes cited evidence to support the topic.
·
**Depth of Discussion and Cohesiveness**
25% of total result
**20**
**Satisfactory**
In-depth discussion and elaboration in most sections of the paper. Mostly, it ties together information from all sources. Paper flows with only some disjointedness. The author’s writing demonstrates an understanding of the relationship among material obtained from all sources. There is an introduction and a conclusion in the submission.
·
**Sources**
7% of total result
**4.2**
**Unsatisfactory**
Used 4 current sources which are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. All websites utilized are credible.
·
**APA adherence and Citation in text**
6% of total result
**6**
**Excellent**
Fewer than 5 incomplete citations and/or quotations, and APA format errors
·
**Spelling and Grammar**
12% of total result
**12**
**Excellent**
Fewer than 5 grammatical, spelling, capitalization, or punctuation errors The required word count has been met.
**## DepressioninLow.edited1.pdf**
1
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Eliecer M Rodriguez
FNU
Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
March 15, 2025
2
Depression in Low-Income Communities
Depression is a severe mental disorder that affects so many people across the globe. It is
especially common among poor people, who often live under tremendous stress and financial
difficulty and with limited access to mental health care. Depression is one of the significant
causes of disability, as reported by the World Health Organization, and it affects about over 200
million people globally. In the US, data from the National Institute of Mental Health shows that
people living in poverty are more than twice as likely to experience depression as those with
more income. This proposal will seek to improve mental health among poor people through
depression education, building community support networks, and increasing access to mental
health services. The expected result is a decrease in the number of people suffering from
depression and their mental health improvement. It will be measured by tracking the number of
people participating in the program and having better access to mental health care.
Vulnerable Population
Poor people are more vulnerable to depression due to the various challenges they
encounter, including economic instability, limited healthcare access, and poor living conditions.
Economic instability leads to stress, thus increasing the risk of mental illness development. Most
people in poor communities struggle with basic needs such as food, suitable housing, and
employment (Martinez et al., 2021). Such social determinants of health make it difficult to enjoy
good mental health. Furthermore, people in poverty do not access professional mental health
services due to unaffordability, stigma, and lack of awareness of the services available, thus the
high rate of untreated depression. Racial and ethnic minority groups among people with low
incomes suffer even more significant disparities in mental health care. Research conducted by
the American Psychological Association shows that African American and Hispanic patients
3
have more untreated depression than white patients (American Psychological Association, 2017).
It is due to social issues, dialect boundaries, and systemic inequalities in healthcare access.
Review of Literature
Giebel et al. (2022) researched how community-based interventions affect depression
treatment in low-income communities. It showed that peer support methods and culturally
adjusted therapy improved mental health outcomes. Depression patients received peer support
interventions that connected them to others having depression experience so they would develop
improved feelings while reducing their isolation perception. The treatment interventions went
through cultural adaptation to fit the orientation of each participant, thus making them more
accessible and acceptable. Research showed that group therapeutic activities and social support
groups created the most successful act of treatment adherence. The participants exposed to
intervention techniques were likelier to maintain therapy appointments, join therapeutic
discussions, and adhere to treatment protocols. Symptom of become less among the unprivileged
due to therapy interventions that provided them with both emotional support and coping
mechanisms. Furthermore, Matteo Bessone et al. (2024) also researched the application of
depression care techniques that involved task-shifting with trained lay health workers. Shift
supervision strategies require non skilled staff to take over certain functions that were previously
allocated to a psychologist after being taught to them. The use of such care services was made
easier through this method for patients who were both challenged in receiving care from trained
non-staffs managed to significantly improve the intensity of their depression. The teachers
provided counseling services accompanied with education and emotional support to the patients.
In addition, trained health workers attended to patients who were able to use techniques for
4
symptom relieve. The success of task shifting shows that even a small amount of training in
mental healthcare can enable non-professionals to provide basic care.
Evaluation of Literature
Research performed by Giebel et al. (2022) and the study reported by Bessone et al.
(2024) collectively produce significant findings about successful mental health treatment
methods aimed at low-income populations dealing with depressive symptoms. According to
Giebel et al. (2022) successful mental health intervention programs need to develop specific
cultural approaches treating social along with psychological mental health risk factors. The
research demonstrates that peer support best practices foster community membership while
lowering stigma which results in superior treatment results. This research study investigates
urban populations only so it cannot provide complete results about depression experiences in
rural low-income populations.
Bessone et al. (2024) introduce a cost-effective system by developing lay health
employees to deliver mental health support to communities that lack access to qualified medical
providers. Communities with critical specialist shortages find this approach beneficial because it
creates broad access to essential services. The approach decreases pressure on the healthcare
system by using community members to deliver implemented interventions. The efficacy of this
intervention depends on both the implementation of quality training sessions for lay health
workers and adequate supervision programs. The combination of peer support initiatives with
trained non-specialist mental health employees represents the most practical solution for
reducing depression rates in low-income communities. Community-based peer support, together
with trained non-specialist mental health workers, presents a possible solution to health care
deficits through effective and reachable services. A combined model would utilize culturally
5
specific interventions by task-sharing the workload to address professional shortages. Several
support systems incorporated into this strategy would create comprehensive care that produces
better mental health results for disadvantaged people in city and country areas.
Theoretical Framework
The human ecological model acts as a framework for fully considering the many different
factors that affect an individual’s mental health, and it is particularly useful in dealing with
depression among lower socioeconomic groups. It deals with problems at several levels;
individual, interpersonal, community, and societal, which increases the likelihood of developing
feasible solutions (Kleinman et al., 2023). Individual educational intervention on depression and
coping techniques represents the most fundamental and essential form of psychiatric care. A
significant portion of the low income population has a major health literacy problem which is a
combination of not knowing and misunderstanding the services that are offered. Using
workshops, webinars, and local community programs assist them in recognizing their problems
and taking initiative to receive appropriate care.
Moreover, passing on useful skills in problem-solving, and resilience training equips
individuals to navigate a range of life challenges effectively. Addressing mental health issues at
the personal level puts the groundwork for self-care practices and reduces the incidence of
untreated depression. Supportive relationships are crucial in safeguarding against depression and
mitigating the effects of loneliness and economic hardships. A scalable mental health care
system necessitates collaborative efforts with community clinics, faith-based organizations, and
non-profits, particularly in economically disadvantaged areas, to enhance the availability of
services. Task-shifting offers a viable solution to the shortage of specialized health professionals
by equipping general healthcare providers with essential skills for delivering mental health
6
services. Policy reforms must tackle limitations in insurance coverage and the integration of
primary care services to ensure comprehensive mental health support. The proposed style,
grounded in the SEM, aims to put various involvement that will improve accessibility and
sustainability, and reducing depression among low-income populations.
7
References
American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethnic and Racial Minorities & Socioeconomic
Status. American Psychological Association.
https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/publications/minorities
Giebel, C., Shrestha, N., Reilly, S., White, R. G., Zuluaga, M. I., Saldarriaga, G., Liu, G., Allen,
D., & Gabbay, M. (2022). Community-based mental health and well-being interventions
for older adults in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-
analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 773. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03453-1
Kleinman, M. B., Anvari, M. S., Seitz-Brown, C. J., Bradley, V. D., Tralka, H., Felton, J. W.,
Belcher, A. M., Greenblatt, A. D., & Magidson, J. F. (2023). Psychosocial challenges
affecting patient-defined medication for opioid use disorder treatment outcomes in a low-
income, underserved population: Application of the social-ecological framework. Journal
of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment, 149, 209046.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.josat.2023.209046
Martinez, S. M., Esaryk, E. E., Moffat, L., & Ritchie, L. (2021). Redefining Basic Needs for
Higher Education: It is More Than Minimal Food and Housing According to California
University Students. American Journal of Health Promotion, 35(6), 089011712199229.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117121992295
Matteo Bessone, Bianco, F. L., & Gianluca D'Amico. (2024). Transforming clinical psychology:
An ecological and psychopolitical perspective. An Italian and global case. RIVISTA DI
PSICOLOGIA CLINICA, 1, 35–60. https://doi.org/10.3280/rpc1-2024oa18051
Nora Hernandez-Pupo
6 references required- 5 used but inly 4 were current
– Health Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing Practice
– Professor: Nora Hernandez Pupo
– References
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